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on Economics of Ageing |
| By: | Hallberg, Daniel (Institute for Future Studies) |
| Abstract: | This paper studies the way in which labor market fluctuations affect the transition to early retirement among older employees in Sweden via the practice of negotiated pensions. The results indicate that downturns (upturns) in aggregated industry employment increases (decreases) the probability of early retirement. This result is driven by the public sector; in general the evidence is much weaker in the private sector. The results also suggest that the replacement levels immediately after early retirement are higher during declining as well as expanding industry employment. The results support an interpretation that 1) the employer and employee agreed on special early retirement pensions, and 2) that these were used in order to persuade older employees to quit voluntarily, but also that they worked to reward older employees. |
| Keywords: | Retirement; fluctuating markets; buy-outs; demand for old workers |
| JEL: | J14 J21 J23 J26 |
| Date: | 2008–01–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:ifauwp:2008_002&r=age |
| By: | Thierry Debrand (IRDES institut for research and information in health economics); Pascale Lengagne (IRDES institut for research and information in health economics) |
| Abstract: | Working conditions have greatly evolved in recent decades in developed countries. This evolution has been accompanied with the appearance of new forms of work organisation that may be sources of stress and health risk for older workers. As populations are ageing, these issues are particularly worrying in terms of the health, labour force participation and Social Security expenditure. This paper focuses on the links between quality of employment and the health of older workers, using the Share 2004 survey. Our research is based on two classical models: the Demand-Control model of Karasek and Theorell (1991) and the Effort-Reward Imbalance model of Siegrist (1996), which highlight three main dimensions: Demand that reflects perceived physical pressure and stress due to a heavy work load; Control that refers to decision latitude at work and the possibilities to develop new skills; and Reward that corresponds to the feeling of receiving a correct salary relatively to efforts made, of having prospects for personal progress and receiving deserved recognition. These models also take into account the notion of support in difficult situations at work and the feeling of job security. Our estimations show that the health status of older workers is related to these factors. Fairly low demand levels and a good level of reward are associated with a good health status, for both men and women. Control only influences the health status of women. Lastly, the results reveal the importance on health of a lack of support at work and the feeling of job insecurity; regardless of gender; these two factors are particularly related to the risk of depression. Thus health status and working conditions are important determinants of the labour force participation of older workers. |
| Keywords: | Working conditions, Health, Older Workers |
| JEL: | I10 J28 |
| Date: | 2008–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:irh:wpaper:dt8&r=age |
| By: | Olga Rymkevitch; Claudia Villosio |
| Abstract: | The Framework Directive on Equal Treatment in Employment and Occupation (2000/78/EC) included age as one of its prohibited grounds of discrimination. Member States were required to transpose this Directive by December 2003. In Italy age discrimination was explicitly regulated by means of Legislative Decree no. 216, 9 July 2003. The Decree introduced the new specific prohibition of discrimination, defining its application, exceptions and remedies. The purpose of this paper is to explore, in a contextual way, the implementation of the age aspects of the Framework Directive in Italy taking into account how age discrimination express itself in the Italian labour market. . |
| Date: | 2007 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cca:wplabo:67&r=age |