|
on Africa |
| By: | Raul Caruso (Dipartimento di Politica Economica, DISCE, & International Peace Science Center (IPSC), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy); Emma Galli (Department of Social and Economic Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy); Giulia Tringali (Sapienza University of Rome, Italy - International Peace Science Center (IPSC), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy) |
| Abstract: | This paper empirically investigates the relationship between corruption and political violence in 49 Sub-Saharan African countries over the period 1970-2020. Specifically, it examines whether corruption influences both the incidence and the brutality of political violence. To address this question, the study employs an articulated estimation strategy: first, we analyze the impact of corruption on political violence incidence and brutality by using count data models (Negbin and ZINB) and a LPM; then we also employ an IV estimation for the OLS model and a Two-stage Residual inclusion (2SRI) estimation. Across the different specifications, our findings highlight a strong and positive relation between political corruption and both the incidence and brutality of political violence. Control variables present the expected relations with the dependent variable and in particular, we also focus on climate change. By employing also interaction terms between SPEI and corruption, the results suggest that an increase in precipitations in corrupted countries leads to and increase of violence. In addition, our main results show that past corruption level has a great impact on today violence, while past extreme weather events do not. |
| Keywords: | Corruption, Political Violence, Terrorism, Climate Change, Count Models, ZINB, 2SRI |
| JEL: | D73 D74 P00 |
| Date: | 2025–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ctc:serie5:dipe0053 |
| By: | Neil Ferguson; Tatiana Orozco García |
| Abstract: | An increasing proportion of the world’s poor live in fragile states, and efforts to build economic and social stability increasingly focus on those settings. Fragility harms the political and economic ecosystem, as well as individual endowments. Interventions that only focus on overcoming individual constraints might be insufficient. Support for entrepreneurs to overcome skills or credit constraints might have limited impacts if local economies cannot sustain the businesses they start, limiting impact on economic and social stability. This paper tests the effect of SME support in the context of localized development, which aims to develop local economies by boosting individual entrepreneurship capacity in demand-driven growth sectors. The intervention increased business startup and registration, but the relative income of beneficiaries declined. Moreover, for beneficiaries with positive outcomes, there are associated impacts on social outcomes, including reduced tolerance of violence, increased trust, and increased social participation. |
| Keywords: | economic development, entrepreneurship, fragility, jobs programmes, poverty, social stability |
| JEL: | D74 J24 L26 O12 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hic:wpaper:447 |
| By: | Nyondo Christone J.,; Kambewa Patrick S.,; Salonga Dinah T.,; Muyanga Milu |
| Abstract: | ricultural transformation initiatives. We propose practical policy recommendations to refine Malawi's trade regulations. By shifting from restrictive measures to market-driven strategies such as variable export taxes, enhanced production incentives, and streamlined export earnings tracing. Malawi can harness the full benefits of international trade while protecting its economic stability. |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Security and Poverty |
| Date: | 2025–02–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:maappb:349207 |
| By: | Ibrahim Tanko Gampine (UPVM UM3 UFR3 - Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3 - Faculté des Sciences humaines et des sciences de l'environnement - UPVM - Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3); Bassirou Niang; Kossi Kawedia Yakoubou |
| Abstract: | E-Learning has become a global phenomenon. It makes learning more accessible and the acquisition of new skills and knowledge easier. In sub-Saharan Africa, however, online qualifications are often the subject of controversy regarding their recognition. This is clear evidence of unsuitable e-Learning systems, as well as the limited relevance of the programs they offered in addressing the Africans context-specific needs. Despite the multitude of studies on the quality of online education, inconsistencies in findings make not only comparisons between studies difficult but also complicate the assessment of quality online education. To address this issue, this study integrated the Kirkpatrick with DeLone & McLean models to identify core quality dimensions. Furthermore, this study clarified the context-specific requirements of the identified dimensions. Ten hypotheses were tested using online survey questionnaires administered to four higher education institutions via Qualtrics. The findings supported eight hypotheses and rejected two. This model highlights the critical role played by system quality, the quality of course content, faculty, and institutional support in enhancing learning. Furthermore, the model establishes a clear cause-and-effect pathway useful in addressing poor learning outcomes. We discussed the implications of the findings in the context of sub-Saharan Africa. The model is simple, theoretically sound, and comprehensive for real-life applications. Specifically, this study highlighted the importance of both formative and summative evaluations. Further qualitative studies on the context-specific requirements of the dimensions would be desirable. |
| Abstract: | La formation en ligne est devenue un phénomène mondial. Il rend l'apprentissage plus accessible et facilite l'acquisition de nouvelles compétences et connaissances. En Afrique subsaharienne, cependant, les diplômes obtenus en ligne font souvent l'objet de controverses quant à leur reconnaissance. Cela démontre clairement que les systèmes d'apprentissage en ligne sont inadaptés et que les programmes proposés ne répondent que de manière limitée aux besoins spécifiques des Africains. Malgré la multitude d'études sur la qualité de l'enseignement en ligne, les incohérences dans les résultats rendent non seulement difficile la comparaison entre les études, mais compliquent également l'évaluation de la qualité de l'enseignement en ligne. Pour remédier à ce problème, cette étude a intégré les modèles de Kirkpatrick à celui de DeLone & McLean afin d'identifier les dimensions fondamentales pour assurer la qualité de l'apprentissage en ligne. En outre, cette étude a clarifié les exigences spécifiques au contexte africain des dimensions identifiées. Dix hypothèses ont été testées à l'aide de questionnaires d'enquête en ligne administrés à quatre établissements d'enseignement supérieur via Qualtrics. Les résultats ont confirmé huit hypothèses et en ont rejeté deux. Ce modèle met en évidence le rôle essentiel joué par la qualité du système informatique, la qualité du contenu des cours, le soutien du corps enseignant et celui des établissements dans l'amélioration de l'apprentissage. En outre, le modèle établit un clair lien de cause à effet utile pour remédier aux incohérences soulignées. Nous avons discuté des implications des résultats dans le contexte de l'Afrique subsaharienne. Le modèle est simple, théoriquement consistant et complet pour des applications concrètes. Plus précisément, cette étude a souligné l'importance des évaluations formatives et sommatives. D'autres études qualitatives sur les exigences spécifiques au contexte des dimensions seraient souhaitables. |
| Keywords: | Quality assessment, Sub-saharan Africa, Kirkpatrick Model, Delone & Mclean model, E-learining, Quality education |
| Date: | 2025–10–22 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05326895 |
| By: | Okumu, Boscow (Environment for Development (EfD) Centre, School of Economics, University of Nairobi, Kenya.); Tibanywana, Julieth (School of Economics, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania); Ntiyakunze, Matilda (Institute of Human Settlements Studies, Ardhi University, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania); Oyarzo, Mauricio (Environment for Development, Campus Chillán, University of Concepción, Chile) |
| Abstract: | Mangrove forests provide a myriad of ecosystem services and play a significant role in carbon sequestration, storing up to five times more carbon per hectare than terrestrial forests. Despite their significance, mangrove forests are increasingly threatened by the effects of climate change and anthropogenic factors. However, the ecological and economic roles that they play have hardly been explored. This study examines a unique pilot carbon trading scheme implemented in Kwale County on the Kenyan coast. Specifically, the study seeks to determine the overall and gender-disaggregated effects of the scheme on household welfare and ecosystem services. Using the endogenous switching regression (ESR) model, the results reveal that participants in the carbon trading scheme have above-average per capita monthly expenditure, food security and value of fish harvest whether they participate in the scheme or not but are better off participating in the scheme. Significant gender differences in the effect of the scheme are also noted, with female-headed participating households more food secure, while male-headed participating households experience a higher value of fish harvest. In addition, the results reveal that participation in carbon trading schemes increases welfare in both female-headed and male-headed households, but the effect is higher for non-participants than participants. Policy implications are also highlighted. |
| Keywords: | Mangrove; carbon trading; welfare; ecosystem services. |
| JEL: | I30 Q20 Q50 |
| Date: | 2025–12–15 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:gunefd:2025_013 |