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on Africa |
| By: | Ahmed, Mosab; Kirui, Oliver K.; Taffesse, Alemayehu Seyoum; Abushama, Hala; Siddig, Khalid |
| Abstract: | Sudan has been embroiled in a high-intensity conflict between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and Rapid Support Forces (RSF) since April 2023, leading to widespread displacement and an escalating humanitarian crisis. This conflict, centered on Khartoum, an economic hub contributing nearly one-third of Sudan's GDP, has caused unprecedented economic and social upheaval. As of December 2024, over 12 million1 people have been displaced, and fatalities have exceeded 29, 6002. Sudan's GDP has contracted sharply, with estimates from the IMF, World Bank, and African Development Bank projecting declines of 18.3% to 37.5% in 2023 alone, compounded by further drops in 2024. Unemployment has surged from 32% in 2022 to 46% in 2023, with household incomes declining nearly 50% relative to pre-conflict levels. Urban households, especially in Khartoum, have been disproportionately affected due to the destruction of infrastructure and loss of industrial jobs, while rural households face severe disruptions in agriculture and access to essential inputs. The conflict has strained household welfare systems and exacerbated food insecurity, with many families increasingly reliant on remittances and humanitarian aid to meet basic needs. These dynamics underscore the urgent need for effective policy interventions to address both immediate humanitarian needs and long-term recovery challenges. |
| Keywords: | Africa; Northern Africa; Sudan; conflicts; employment; income; welfare |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:sssppn:10 |
| By: | Benfica, Rui; Davis, Kristin E.; Oulu, Martin; Termote, Céline; Fadda, Carlo |
| Abstract: | Key takeaways • True cost accounting allows for the measurement of hidden impacts of food production on the environment, human health, and society. • Our findings show that at the national level for all crop sectors: o Social costs account for 90% and environmental for 10% of external cost structure. o Major social cost sources are underpayment, child labor, and occupational health risks. o Major environmental cost sources are land-use expansion and climate change. • Findings at farm level in NATURE+ Initiative sites in Kajiado, Kisumu, and Vihiga, for the crop sector show that: o Direct costs (70% of true costs) are predominantly hired labor and seed costs o External costs represent about 30% of the true costs o Social externalities costs (84%) are greater than environmental costs (16%) o Forced labor is the most important impact, followed by child labor, underpayment, and gender wage gaps o Environmental externalities include land occupation (land use) and soil degradation |
| Keywords: | true cost accounting; food production; crops; climate change; labour; Africa; Eastern Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa; Kenya |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:cgiarp:163383 |
| By: | Harun, Mohammed Endris; Legesse, Belaineh |
| Abstract: | Ethiopia’s government has created a number of policies and programs to address the urgent issue of rising food prices. Extension and regulation initiatives aiming at influencing the production and marketing are frequently used in conjunction with them. However, lack of indices on relative importance of individual crops results poor policy outcomes. Analyzing household decision dynamics and how household decisions respond to policies is crucial to reduce persistent complaints from recipients and avoid negative policy outcomes. For this study, data from 392 randomly chosen households of Kewot woreda was used. Sorghum found with higher calorie index per profit while mung bean was found higher profit index. Crop diversification found inefficient that arise from profitability differences and return to scale. Additionally multiple objectives could be met using tradeoffs among different crop benefits. This study also summarizes major findings from previous crop-related policies and linked them to specific crop characteristics. It is advised that policies be adjusted to reflect the value, character, and utility of crops |
| Keywords: | pro-poor policy, tradeoff, subsidy, agricultural policy |
| JEL: | Q01 Q17 Q18 |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:123353 |
| By: | Hassnae HAMMOU OU ALI (Bank Al-Maghrib) |
| Abstract: | This study investigates the role of housing prices in the Moroccan economy and their response to monetary policy shocks. Using a Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) model, we explore the transmission mechanisms of monetary policy through various channels, including interest rates, credit availability, and consumer confidence. The analysis uses a comprehensive dataset spanning the period from 2006 to 2024, focusing on macroeconomic indicators, monetary policy instruments, and the Real Estate Asset Price Index (REPI). Empirical findings reveal that contractionary monetary policy leads to a delayed decline in housing prices, which may reflect structural rigidities in Morocco's real estate market. This study contributes to understanding the interplay between monetary policy and asset markets in emerging economies, providing insights for policymakers seeking to balance growth and stability objectives. |
| Keywords: | Real estate prices; Monetary policy; Interest rate; transmission channels |
| JEL: | E52 E40 R32 C32 |
| Date: | 2025–02–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gii:giihei:heidwp03-2025 |