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on Accounting and Auditing |
| By: | Rasid, Abdu |
| Abstract: | Introduction: This study aims to determine the impact of corporate governance structures on external fees in sharia stocks that are consistently listed in JII in 2013-2018. Methods: The number of samples in this study recorded 12 consistent sharia stocks listed in the years 2013-2018. This study uses a quantitative approach with panel data analysis method. Results: The results show that the average size of the board of commissioners is six to seven people, the average size of the board of directors is seven to eight people, the average size of the audit committees is three to four people, and the average size of the internal audit is fifteen to sixteen people. The hypothesis test shows that variables which have a significant impact on the audit fee are the size of the board of commissioners and the internal audit. Meanwhile, the size of the board of directors and the audit committees do not have a positive impact on audit fees. Conclusion and suggestion: Companies use more funding from debt than their own capital. Judging from the liquidity ratio, it shows that the company is in a liquid state, which is very capable of fulfilling obligations or debts that must be immediately paid by the company. |
| Date: | 2023–02–17 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:q6kmz_v1 |
| By: | Pierre Bachas; Anne Brockmeyer; Roel Dom; Camille Marine Semelet |
| Abstract: | This paper documents new facts on corporate taxation and the revenue potential of corporate minimum taxes, leveraging firm-level tax returns from 16 countries. First, effective tax rates follow a humped-shaped pattern with firm size: small firms benefit from reduced rates, while large firms take up tax incentives, leaving mid-sized firms with the highest effective rates. On average, the effective tax rate for the largest 1 percent of firms is 2.2 percentage points lower than the average effective tax rate for the top decile of firms. Second, although statutory tax rates are above 15 percent in all sample countries, over a quarter of top firms face an effective rate below 15 percent, challenging the simple tax haven versus non-haven dichotomy. Third, a simple 15 percent domestic minimum tax for the top 1 percent firms could raise corporate taxes by 14 percent on average across countries, absent behavioral responses. In contrast, the global minimum top-up tax would only raise a quarter of this revenue due to its generous deductions and smaller number of firms in scope. |
| Date: | 2025–03–24 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:11090 |
| By: | Picogna, Federica (Nyenrode Business University); de swart, jacques; Kaya, Heysem (Utrecht University); wetzels, ruud |
| Abstract: | Recent developments in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have greatly benefited society, but they also come with risks. One of those risks is that AI has the potential to discriminate against certain groups of people. To address that risk, benchmark regulations such as the AI Act have been cre- ated, requiring AI systems to be fair and tasking auditors with ensuring their compliance. In order to do so, auditors use fairness measures. However, selecting a specific definition of fairness from the various available options and choosing a fairness measure from the numerous possibilities com- plicates the auditing process, making it challenging for auditors to correctly assess AI fairness. To assist them, we created a decision-making workflow that guides the auditor through the selection process of the most appropriate measure and, consequently, the most suitable definition of fairness. To simplify the use of this workflow, we have integrated it into the open-source program JASP for Audit and demonstrated its functionality with two examples: the COMPAS recidivism and the DUO case. |
| Date: | 2025–03–26 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:cpxmf_v2 |
| By: | Erik Bostrom |
| Abstract: | In June of 2022, the Federal Reserve (Fed) began to reduce its securities holdings and decrease the size of its balance sheet, a process known as balance sheet runoff. The decline in the Fed's assets mechanically results in a decline in Fed liabilities, and on net since June 2022, most of the decline in securities holdings has been associated with a decline in use of the Fed's overnight reverse repurchase (ON RRP) facility, a facility in which eligible counterparties are able to enter into an overnight reverse repo agreement with the Fed, earning the ON RRP rate on funds held at the facility. |
| Date: | 2025–03–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedgfn:2025-03-03-2 |