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on Accounting and Auditing |
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Issue of 2024‒07‒15
five papers chosen by |
| By: | Höfmann, Michelle; Pott, Christiane; Quick, Reiner |
| Abstract: | This study investigates the impact of two changes to the auditor's report — a separate section addressing going concern uncertainties (GCU section [GCUsec]) and information on management and auditor responsibilities — and the characteristics of the audit committee on bank directors' perceptions and decisions. In a 2 × 2 × 2 between‐subjects experimental design with 85 German bank directors, we observe that a GCUsec in the auditor's report leads to more unfavourable decisions. Contrarily, explanations of responsibilities and different characteristics of the audit committee do not significantly impact on bank directors' perceptions and decisions. We thus confirm the effectiveness of the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (IAASB)'s revision of the International Standard on Auditing (ISA) 570 to enhance the informational value and decision usefulness of the auditor's report. |
| Date: | 2024–06–17 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dar:wpaper:146062&r= |
| By: | Mehdi DIFADI (LSMRC - Lille School of Management Research Center - ULR 4112 - SKEMA Business School - Université de Lille); Allal Alain DIFADI |
| Abstract: | This article attempts to identify the main components of the accounting system of each country of the Arab Maghreb Union (AMU) in order to establish a comparison between the accounting systems of these countries. This will enable researchers, professionals and students in the Maghreb to gain a better understanding of theaccountingregulations in forcein neighbouring countries. Indeed, faced with the various political rivalries and economic difficulties affecting certain regions of the Maghreb, it seems that Maghrebians have lost hope in the construction of the ‘Greater Maghreb' and are only concerned with their daily national lives. The intra-Maghreb comparison of accounting systems will enable us to determine whether there are any similarities or differences between thesesystems within the Maghreb, and to what extent they are inspired by the two major standard-setting models in the world, namely the continental European model and the Anglo-Saxon model. Having collected the texts and laws governing each accounting system in the AMU countries and analysed the content of the various components of these systems, our comparative study highlights two fundamental observations.On the one hand, in Tunisia and Algeria, accounting standard-setting is characterised by a hybrid accounting system comprising two components: an Anglo-Saxon component, reflected in the explicit adoption of a conceptual framework based on the IASB's accounting framework, and an explicitFrench-speaking component, reflected in the enactment of legislationestablishing a chart of accounts, accounting rules and models to be followed in thepreparation of financial statements. On the other hand, in Morocco and Mauritania, accounting standards are strongly inspired by the French continental model, but implicitly refer to the objectives and principles of international accounting standards. |
| Abstract: | Le présent article tente de cerner les principales composantes du système comptable de chaque pays de l'Union du Maghreb Arabe (UMA) afin d'établir une comparaison entre les systèmes comptables de ces pays. Cela permettra aux chercheurs, aux enseignants, aux professionnels et aux étudiants maghrébins de mieux connaître la réglementation comptable en vigueur dans les pays voisins. En effet, face aux diverses rivalités politiques et aux difficultés économiques qui traversent ici et là certaines régions du Maghreb, il semble que les Maghrébins ont perdu l'espoir de la construction du «Grand Maghreb» et ne se préoccupent plus que de leur quotidien national. La comparaison intra maghrébine des systèmes comptables nous permettra de savoir s'il existe des similitudes et des différences entre ces systèmes au sein du Maghreb, et dans quelle mesure ces derniers s'inspirent-ils des deux grands modèles de normalisation dans le monde, à savoir le modèle continental européen et le modèle anglo-saxon. Àl'issue de la collecte des textes et lois régissant chaque système comptable des pays de l'UMA et d'une analyse de contenu des différentes composantes de ces derniers, notre étude comparative met en avant deux observations fondamentales. D'une part, en Tunisie et en Algérie, la normalisation comptable se caractérise par un système comptable hybride comportant deux composantes: une composante anglo-saxonne qui se traduit par l'adoption explicite d'un cadre conceptuel relevant du référentiel comptable de l'IASBet une composante francophone explicite qui se traduit par la promulgationde textes de lois instituant un plan comptable, des règles de comptabilisation et des modèles à respecter pour l'établissement des états financiers. D'autre part, au Maroc et en Mauritanie, la normalisation comptable s'inspire fortement du modèle continental français, mais elle fait implicitement référence aux objectifs et au principe d'une normalisation comptable internationale. |
| Keywords: | IAS/IFRS standards, Arab Maghreb Union, Economic integration, Accounting standardization, Accounting harmonization, Conceptual gift, Système comptable, Normalisation comptable, Harmonisation comptable, Cadre conceptuel, IASB, Normes IAS/IFRS, Maghreb, Union du Maghreb Arabe |
| Date: | 2024–06–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04609473&r= |
| By: | Motta Café, Renata; Yarygina, Anastasiya; Escalante, Lisseth |
| Abstract: | A large body of research has estimated the effects on tax collection of informing taxpayers of their obligations. This paper examines the effects on voluntary tax payments of providing taxpayers with information on their obligations that is collected through massive information cross-checking rather than traditional auditing. This information is inexpensive to collect, but may not be sufficiently accurate to promote taxpayer compliance. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of self-regularization interventions on tax compliance among simplified tax regime firms. We examine the treatments that use this information in three different ways: messaging, providing tax compliance manuals, and assisted regularization, in which tax auditors assist taxpayers in the self-regularization process. We find that assisted regularization increased the reported monthly income by 20 percent (US$1, 160), which also nearly closed the tax evasion gap and reduced inconsistencies in tax declarations by 67 percent (37-point reduction). The manual and message interventions had positive, albeit smaller, effects. While the assisted regularization intervention had the largest effects, a cost-effectiveness analysis reveals that this intervention is not optimal for smaller firms because of the costs incurred by the tax authority. No effects were observed on firms' tax compliance in declarations filed in the post- intervention periods. |
| Keywords: | public finance;State capacity;Tax evasion;electronic tax audit;tax self-regularization;Simples Nacional |
| JEL: | H26 H32 H71 H83 |
| Date: | 2024–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:idb:brikps:13603&r= |
| By: | Zanoni, Wladimir; Carrillo-Maldonado, Paul; Pantano, Juan; Chuquimarca, Nicolás |
| Abstract: | In this study, we examine the behavior of self-employed taxpayers who “bunch" at an income level just below a critical threshold, which triggers a transition from a simple tax regime to a more complex one. Under the simple regime, individuals complete their tax forms independently, while the complex regime mandates the use of a public accountant for maintaining accounting records. Utilizing data from the Ecuadorian tax authority from 2011 to 2014, we initially observed and documented the bunching behavior prompted by the shift between regimes. Subsequently, we assess the impact of this regime transition on the amount of taxes paid by those self-employed taxpayers who choose to fill taxes in the complex regime. Our methodology employs both parametric and semi-parametric “donut” estimators to evaluate these effects. We find that the regime shift indeed prompts taxpayers to bunch below the income threshold, opting to remain within the simpler regime. Interestingly, those who transition into the complex regime tend to pay less in taxes. This pattern holds across various bunching windows and is consistent across several estimators used. Our results suggest that accountants are the key mechanism behind the effects, for they help taxpayers better navigate tax deductions and benefits, leading individuals to pay zero taxes. |
| Keywords: | Tax Regimes;Progressive Taxes;Personal Income Tax;Bunching |
| JEL: | H24 H26 D12 |
| Date: | 2024–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:idb:brikps:13582&r= |
| By: | Roberto Perli |
| Abstract: | Slowing the pace of its balance sheet runoff is an important step the Fed can take to more effectively manage risks while allowing the banking system to adapt to lower levels of reserves. |
| Keywords: | Fed balance sheet; balance sheet runoff; monetary policy; reserves |
| Date: | 2024–05–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fednsp:98397&r= |