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on Intellectual Property Rights |
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Issue of 2014‒04‒18
six papers chosen by Giovanni Ramello Universita' del Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro |
| By: | Soonwoo Kwon; Jihong Lee; Sokbae 'Simon' Lee (Institute for Fiscal Studies and Seoul National University) |
| Abstract: | We analyze cross-country trends in technological progress over the period of 1980-2011 by examining citations data from almost 4 million utility patents granted by the US Patent and Trademark Oce (USPTO). Our estimation results on patent quality and distance to the knowledge frontier reveal the following stylized facts. The emerging Asian economies of Korea, Taiwan and China have indeed achieved substantial catch-up towards the technology frontier. In the case of Korea and Taiwan, progress has been made in terms of patent quality as well as distance to the frontier. Chinese patents are of higher quality now than before but Chinese inventors have yet to reduce the citation lag relative to the frontier. In contrast, advanced economies of Europe and Japan have displayed steady decline in their patent quality. Finally, the US has maintained, and in some cases strengthened, its position as the world technology frontier. |
| Date: | 2014–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ifs:cemmap:16/14&r=ipr |
| By: | Chris Forman; Avi Goldfarb; Shane Greenstein |
| Abstract: | We examine the relationship between the diffusion of advanced internet technology and the geographic concentration of invention, as measured by patents. First, we show that patenting became more concentrated from the early 1990s to the early 2000s and, similarly, that counties that were leaders in patenting in the early 1990s produced relatively more patents by the early 2000s. Second, we compare the extent of invention in counties that were leaders in internet adoption to those that were not. We see little difference in the growth rate of patenting between leaders and laggards in internet adoption, on average. However, we find that the rate of patent growth was faster among counties who were not leaders in patenting in the early 1990s but were leaders in internet adoption by 2000, suggesting that the internet helped stem the trend towards more geographic concentration. We show that these results are largely driven by patents filed by distant collaborators rather than non-collaborative patents or patents by non-distant collaborators, suggesting low cost long-distance digital communication as a potential mechanism. |
| JEL: | O31 O33 R11 |
| Date: | 2014–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:20036&r=ipr |
| By: | Cécile Ayerbe (GREDEG - Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (UNS) - CNRS : UMR6227); Nathalie Lazaric (GREDEG - Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion - CNRS : UMR7321 - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (UNS)); Michel Callois (GREDEG - Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion - CNRS : UMR7321 - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (UNS)); Mitkova Liliana (IRG - Institut de Recherche en Gestion - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne (UPEC) : EA2354 - Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEMLV)) |
| Abstract: | The defence industries in France and elsewhere have, in recent years, undergone important technological, organizational and institutional changes that have profoundly altered their architectures. These changes have introduced a new division of labour bringing new opportunities for interaction leading to the creation of additional assets. In this context, the issue of protecting innovations and their exploitation has become central. Managing Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) requires industrial groups to draw on additional capabilities. This article analyzes these evolutions and focuses in particular on the new organizational arrangements that have accompanied them. Using the case of Thales, which in 2005 outsourced its Intellectual Property (IP), we answer questions such as: why should IP be outsourced; how should the outsourcing of IP activities be organized; and, how should capabilities involved in this new organizational arrangement be managed. These issues lie at the centre of this research and illustrate new challenges inherent to in-house and outsourced IPR management strategies. |
| Keywords: | Intellectual Property - Complex industries - Organization - Outsourcing - Case study |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00974973&r=ipr |
| By: | Jens K. Perret (European Institute for International Economic Relations at the University of Wuppertal) |
| Abstract: | For many decades culture has been considered to have a significant impact on the productivity of people. This study observes for the Russian Federation, on the basis of the ARENA study by Sreda, the impact of the share of the most prominent religious groups on economic output as well as on regional innovativeness measured by patent grants from Rospatent. While some issues of causality remain, the analysis shows that standard deductions concerning the religions effect on growth from religious doctrines hold true for the regions oft he Russian Federation as well. The effects on regional patenting, however, are not as clear. |
| Keywords: | russian federation, religious values, economic growth, patenting, culture |
| JEL: | P24 R11 |
| Date: | 2014–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bwu:schdps:sdp14006&r=ipr |
| By: | Gerasimenko Valentina (Department of Economics, Lomonosov Moscow State University); Ochkovskaya Marina (Department of Economics, Lomonosov Moscow State University); Rybalko Maria (Department of Economics, Lomonosov Moscow State University) |
| Abstract: | This paper demonstrates the importance of a high perceived quality for brands and delves into ways for strengthening it, as well as examining the global trends which affect a consumers’ decision, particularly in the Russia. Taking into account these trends, the authors study the factors behind a positive effect on the brands’ perception in Russia and present ways to transform the high actual quality in the perceived one. The findings from different groups analyses carried out on female and young (students) consumers show the specific of global trends implementation in Russia. In addition, the analyses confirm the efficiency of ways for strengthening the perceived quality of brands. |
| Keywords: | Brand, brand reputation, brands perception, actual quality, perceived quality, global trends, consumers |
| JEL: | M31 M37 |
| Date: | 2014–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:upa:wpaper:0007&r=ipr |
| By: | Bourjot-Deparis, Julien; Caffier de Kerviler, Gwarlann; Cadario, Romain |
| Abstract: | Labeling a customer as being “brand loyal” is a common marketing practice. Building on the literature on social labeling, marketplace metacognition and skepticism, we investigate the effects of such a practice. We find that skepticism, conceptualized as an expression of marketplace metacognition activation, mitigates labeling effectiveness. More precisely, the label is effective only when it does not trigger skepticism, i.e. when the label is congruent with self-perceptions. However, when the label is not congruent with self-perceptions, it arouses skepticism and has a negative impact on future loyalty intentions. We discuss the implications for customer relationship management. |
| Keywords: | Social Labeling; Marketplace Metacognition; Skepticism; |
| JEL: | D12 M31 |
| Date: | 2013–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dau:papers:123456789/13069&r=ipr |