|
on Economic Growth |
| By: | Daniel Crisóstomo Wainstock; Oded Galor; Marc Klemp |
| Abstract: | Evidence suggests that the Out of Africa Migration has impacted the degree of intra-population genetic and phenotypic diversity across the globe. This paper provides the first evidence that this migration has shaped cultural diversity. Leveraging a folklore catalogue of 958 oral traditions across the world, we show that ethnic groups further away from East Africa along the migratory routes have lower folkloric diversity. This pattern is consistent with the compression of genetic, phenotypic, and phonemic traits along the Out of Africa migration routes, setting conditions for the emergence and proliferation of differential cultural diversity and economic development across the world. |
| Keywords: | diversity, Out of Africa, culture |
| JEL: | Z10 O10 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_10379&r=gro |
| By: | Stephen Broadberry; Elena Korchmina |
| Abstract: | This paper provides decadal estimates of GDP per capita for the Russian Empire from the 1690s to the 1880s. GDP per capita in the 1880s was barely 3 per cent higher than in the 1690s, but this was not the result of continuous stagnation. Rather, positive growth during the first half of the eighteenth century was followed by negative growth between the 1760s and 1800s and stagnation from the 1800s to the 1880s. The main driver of this variation in GDP per capita was the relationship between population and land, with land per capita increasing to the 1760s, then declining to the 1800s and staying stable during the nineteenth century. This suggests that serfdom may not have been as strong a barrier to eighteenth century growth as has often been suggested, nor its abolition in 1861 as significant for subsequent growth. Although large-scale industry grew more rapidly than the rest of the economy, particularly after Peter the Great’s reforms in the early eighteenth century, this had only a minor effect on the economy as a whole, as it was starting from a very low base and still only accounted for 10 per cent of GDP by the 1880s. Russian economic growth before the 1760s resulted in catching-up on northwest Europe, but this was followed by a period of relative decline, leaving mid-nineteenth century Russia further behind than at the beginning of the eighteenth century. |
| Date: | 2022–06–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oxf:esohwp:_197&r=gro |
| By: | Asongu, Simplice A; Odhiambo, Nicholas M |
| Abstract: | The present study investigates the nexus between health performance dynamics and economic growth in 43 countries in sub-Saharan Africa for the period 2004-2018. Four health performance dynamics are used, notably: total life expectancy, male life expectancy, female life expectancy and risk of maternal death. The empirical evidence is based on quantile regressions in order to put into perspective the conditional distribution of economic growth.The following findings are established: (i) total life expectancy and male life expectancy increase economic growth exclusively in the 10th and 90th quantiles of economic growth; (ii) female life expectancy boosts economic growth in the 90th quantile of economic growth and (iii) the risk of maternal death reduces economic growth in the 75th and 90th quantiles of economic growth. Policy implications are discussed. The study complements the literature on the nexus between health performance and economic growth by assessing the nexuses throughout the conditional distribution of economic growth. |
| Keywords: | Military health performance; economic growth; sub-Saharan Africa; quantile regression |
| Date: | 2023–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uza:wpaper:30042&r=gro |
| By: | Ryan Woodgate; Eckhard Hein; Ricardo Summa |
| Abstract: | Since autonomous demand has to be financed independently of income from current production, this paper starts with the requirement that autonomous demand-led growth models have to include endogenous money and credit, and hence financial dynamics. It then seeks to make two contributions. First, we show that the inclusion of financial stock-flow interactions in a simple closed economy autonomous demand-led growth model provides an endogenous mechanism which, under certain conditions, aligns two autonomous growth rates, as a requirement for long-run equilibrium. Second, using that model, we prove that the relative size of autonomous growth contributions may be misleading as a guide to classify growth regimes if autonomous growth rates are interdependent, both for the steady state growth equilibrium as well as for the traverse towards this equilibrium. Furthermore, we show that the relative growth contributions are economic policy contingent. Therefore, in Sraffian supermultiplier demand-led growth decomposition exercises, interdependencies between autonomous growth components should not be ignored when growth drivers are supposed to be identified, both in medium- to long-run growth regime analysis, as well as in the analysis of autonomous drivers of short-run cycles. |
| Keywords: | Sraffian supermultiplier and endogenous credit, two autonomous growth drivers, demand-led growth accounting, growth regimes |
| JEL: | E11 E12 E20 E62 |
| Date: | 2023–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pke:wpaper:pkwp2307&r=gro |
| By: | Ngoudji Tameko, Charlie Yves; Ningaye, Paul |
| Abstract: | This paper applies the standard β-convergence analysis and the log-t test methods to compare the convergence process of life expectancy and per capita GDP, using a sample of 89 countries between 1960-2019 and analyse the interrelation and the dynamics of these phenomena in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) after the international epidemiological transition. We use life expectancy at birth and per capita GDP estimates from respectively the World Bank’s Population Estimates and Projections and the Penn World Table. Our results show evidence of significant catching-up in life expectancy between SSA countries and the rich and the other poor world by 2019 after a slowdown period between 1985 and 2000 in which most SSA countries converge into multiple steady states. Further, we find that the world without SSA is converging economically in 2019 while significant cross-country variations and convergence clubs are noted when taking into consideration the region. Finally, our results indicate that the economic performances of SSA are not the only factors driving the health catch-up, the increasing convergence in the antimalarial policies’ implementation in SSA after 2003 play great role in this process. |
| Keywords: | life expectancy, per capita GDP, convergence, health, economic growth, Sub-Saharan Africa |
| JEL: | I15 O11 O55 |
| Date: | 2023–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:117265&r=gro |
| By: | Medhavi Sandhani (Madras School of Economics, Chennai, India); Anubhab Pattanayak ((Corresponding author), Madras School of Economics, Chennai, India); K.S. Kavi Kumar (Madras School of Economics, Chennai, India) |
| Abstract: | This study examines climate change impact on economic growth in the Indian context. Using state and district level data on climate variables and growth rate of per capita real GDP, the present study evaluates the short- as well as medium-run effects of climate change on growth. The results based on state-level analysis are suggestive of negative effects of rising temperature on growth during 1980-2019. These aggregate level results are further reinforced by the results from district-level analysis. First, higher temperatures have significant negative impact for poorer districts with a 1?C rise in temperature leading to nearly 4.7 percent fall in growth rate of district per capita income. Second, higher temperatures not only have level effects, but also growth effects, especially for richer districts. Credit access, electrification and urbanization and increased roads and market network may play a significant role in mitigating the negative impact of climate change |
| Keywords: | Regional Growth; Climate Change; India |
| JEL: | E23 O13 Q54 R11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mad:wpaper:2020-204&r=gro |