nep-geo New Economics Papers
on Economic Geography
Issue of 2014‒12‒19
three papers chosen by
Andreas Koch
Institut für Angewandte Wirtschaftsforschung
  1. Cultural diversity and entrepreneurship in England and Wales By Andres Rodríguez-Pose; Daniel Hardy
  2. Cluster Policies and Firm Selection: Evidence from France By Lionel Fontagné; Pamina Koenig; Florian Mayneris; Sandra Poncet
  3. Supply Chain Internationalization in East Asia: Inclusiveness and risks By FUJITA Masahisa; HAMAGUCHI Nobuaki
  1. By: Andres Rodríguez-Pose; Daniel Hardy
    Abstract: British regions are becoming increasingly culturally diverse, with migration as the main driver. Does this diversity benefit local economies? This research examines the impact of cultural diversity on the entrepreneurial performance of UK regions. We focus on two largely overlooked factors, the measurement of diversity, and the skills composition of diverse populations. First, more that demonstrating the importance of cultural diversity for entrepreneurship, we show that the type of cultural diversity measured is a decisive factor. Second, the skill composition of diverse populations is also key. Diversity amongst the ranks of the highly skilled exerts the strongest impact upon start-up intensities. The empirical investigation employs spatial regression techniques and carriers out several robustness checks, including instrumental variables specifications, to corroborate our findings.
    Keywords: Entrepreneurship, cultural diversity, high-skilled migration, knowledge spillovers
    JEL: J24 L26 M13 F22
    Date: 2014–11
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:egu:wpaper:1423&r=geo
  2. By: Lionel Fontagné (CEPII - Centre d'Etudes Prospectives et d'Informations Internationales - Centre d'analyse stratégique, EEP-PSE - Ecole d'Économie de Paris - Paris School of Economics - Ecole d'Économie de Paris, Department of Economics - European University Institute, CES - Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne - CNRS : UMR8174 - Université Paris I - Panthéon-Sorbonne); Pamina Koenig (EEP-PSE - Ecole d'Économie de Paris - Paris School of Economics - Ecole d'Économie de Paris, PSE - Paris-Jourdan Sciences Economiques - CNRS : UMR8545 - École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (EHESS) - École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC) - École normale supérieure [ENS] - Paris - Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRA)); Florian Mayneris (UCL - Université Catholique de Louvain - Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL) - Belgique, CORE - Center of Operation Research and Econometrics [Louvain] - Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL) - Belgique); Sandra Poncet (EEP-PSE - Ecole d'Économie de Paris - Paris School of Economics - Ecole d'Économie de Paris, CES - Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne - CNRS : UMR8174 - Université Paris I - Panthéon-Sorbonne)
    Abstract: In this paper, we shed light on the selection of the benefi ciaries from the French competitiveness cluster policy which was launched in 2005 and extended to 2012. We disentangle the selection and self-selection eff ects, as emphasized in the theoretical literature on regional and industrial policy. Our main conclusion is that winners were (self-)selected at both steps of the procedure, and that this holds for the three cluster types: worldwide clusters , potentially worldwide clusters and national clusters . We thus provide a methodology which allows us to contrast the e ffective outcomes of the selection process and the official objectives of cluster policies in terms of targeting, and which thus helps in their econometric evaluation.
    Keywords: Competitiveness, clusters, international trade, fi rm selection
    Date: 2013–12–09
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-00975554&r=geo
  3. By: FUJITA Masahisa; HAMAGUCHI Nobuaki
    Abstract: Supply chain internationalization is promoting a new cascade of agglomeration and dispersion. Headquarter tasks agglomerate in major cities in developed countries, while labor intensive tasks are shed to developing countries where offshored tasks form into a geographical concentration. As a whole, international supply chains are productivity and welfare enhancing through their more efficient use of human resources. This magnifies the cost of volatility. A case study on East Asia illustrates these points.
    Date: 2014–11
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eti:dpaper:14066&r=geo
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