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on Environmental Economics |
| By: | Charles F. Mason; Neil A. Wilmot |
| Abstract: | Transitioning the economy from one that relies on fossil fuels to one that emphasizes renewable energy sources will have important implications for the pattern of natural resource use. Such a transition depends on government policies. As elected politicians have an incentive to weigh the spatially heterogeneous costs and benefits on their constituents from taking political action, one might hope that particularly unusual climate events might provide an impetus to increased action. We undertake an analysis using a variety of data sources. We first investigate the stochastic process governing temperature anomalies allowing for “fat tails”, which can arise either from a “jump” diffusion process or a time-varying volatility process. Using the parameter estimates from this first stage, combined with demographic and socio-economic variables, we analyze features promoting support for policies addressing climate change. Several of the parameter estimates that capture fat tails in temperature anomalies play a statistically important relation. |
| Keywords: | climate policy, temperature anomalies, fat tails, politics |
| JEL: | Q20 D80 L15 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_10815&r=env |
| By: | Gregory Casey; Woongchan Jeon; Christian Traeger; Gregory P. Casey; Christian P. Traeger |
| Abstract: | We study clean energy subsidies in a quantitative climate-economy model. Clean en-ergy subsidies decrease carbon emissions if and only if they lower the marginal product of dirty energy. The constrained-efficient subsidy equals the marginal external cost of dirty energy multiplied by the marginal impact of clean energy production on dirty energy production. With standard functional forms, two factors determine the impact of clean subsidies on dirty energy production: the elasticity of substitution between clean and dirty energy and the price elasticity of demand for energy services. At standard parameter values, clean production subsidies increase emissions and decrease welfare relative to laissez faire. With greater substitutability between clean and dirty energy, the subsidies in the Inflation Reduction Act can generate modest emissions reductions. Even in this more optimistic scenario, a clean subsidy generates significantly higher emissions and lower welfare than a tax on dirty energy. |
| Keywords: | climate change mitigation, second-best policies, economic growth |
| JEL: | H23 O44 Q43 Q54 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_10828&r=env |
| By: | Masako Ikefuji; Yoshiyasu Ono |
| Abstract: | Global warming is a serious and acute threat to our planet, but, when negotiating the allocation of permissible carbon emissions, conflicts of interest exist between developed and developing countries. Developing countries insist that global warming is the result of prolonged pollution emissions by developed countries, while developed countries demand that developing countries make efforts comparable to their own to reduce carbon emissions. They both generally believe that stricter emission limits will burden their economies because of the extra abatement costs required. We use a two-country model with wealth preferences and find that the effects of a country’s emission limit on the two countries’ real consumption and pollution emissions differ, depending on the combination of their business situations. If both countries achieve full employment, one country’s stricter emission limit decreases both countries’ real consumption, as expected. However, if one country faces aggregate demand stagnation and the other achieves full employment, a stricter emission limit imposed by the stagnant country increases both countries’ real consumption. |
| Keywords: | persistent unemployment, wealth preferences, pollution, emission restriction, clean technology transfer |
| JEL: | F13 F41 F42 Q52 Q56 Q58 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_10825&r=env |
| By: | Aloun Phonvisay |
| Abstract: | This policy brief discusses the development of a national blue economy framework for the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) to capitalise on the country's rich water and forest resources in a sustainable manner. The framework would promote sustainable development of the blue economy, identify priority areas for investment, enhance stakeholder capacity, and promote the Lao PDR blue economy. The priority sectors identified for investment include fisheries, forest carbon, inland marine connectivity, and hydropower development. |
| Date: | 2023–09–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:era:wpaper:pb-2023-08&r=env |
| By: | Amélie Géal; Bernhard Klaus Michel |
| Abstract: | In international agreements, countries are considered responsible for the greenhouse gas emissions linked to their production activities. The carbon footprint provides an alternative assessment of this responsibility by attributing emissions to the country where the goods and services are consumed. This study presents the production-based CO2 emissions and the carbon footprint of the three Belgian regions for the year 2015. The production-based CO2 emissions are derived from the regional air emission accounts developed for this study, while the regional carbon footprints are calculated based on an input-output model and input-output data that include CO2 emissions. According to the results, the carbon footprint exceeds production-based emissions for all three regions. This implies that their contribution to global CO2 emissions is larger from a consumption perspective than from a production perspective. |
| JEL: | C67 F18 Q53 Q54 Q56 R15 |
| Date: | 2023–01–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpb:wpaper:202301&r=env |
| By: | Sileci, Lorenzo |
| Abstract: | I assess the air quality and environmental equity impacts of the 2008 carbon tax in British Columbia. Using high-resolution data and a synthetic difference-in-differences strategy, I find that the carbon tax has reduced PM2.5 emissions by 5.2-10.9%. This result is heterogeneously distributed, with larger reductions in areas with lower baseline pollution, lower population density, lower material deprivation, and higher income. While all areas experience substantial positive co-benefits in terms of reduced air pollution hazard rates, quantified at $198 per capita, my results imply a widening of the pre-existing environmental justice gaps. This dynamic represents an additional dimension of carbon tax regressiveness. |
| Keywords: | carbon tax; air quality; PM2.5; co-benefits; environmental justice; air pollution; British Columbia; Canada; climate policy; health impacts; social impacts |
| JEL: | Q58 Q53 H23 |
| Date: | 2023–12–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:121047&r=env |
| By: | Beiser-Mcgrath, Liam; Busemeyer, Marius R. |
| Abstract: | Stringent policies that significantly increase the cost of greenhouse gas emissions, such as CO2, are increasingly necessary for mitigating climate change. Yet while richer individuals in society generate the most CO2 emissions, and thus will face the largest absolute cost burden, they also tend to be more supportive of stringent environmental policies. In this paper, we examine how information about the distribution of carbon emissions by income affects support for carbon taxation. While carbon taxation is widely advocated as the most efficient policy for mitigating climate change, it faces significant political hurdles due to its distributional costs. Using original survey data, with an embedded experiment, we find that providing information about the actual distribution of household CO2 emissions by income significantly changes individuals’ support for carbon taxation. These effects are particularly pronounced in the bottom of the household income distribution, leading to increased support for costly climate policies. However, individuals who believe that carbon taxes will reduce their income continue to hold their level of support for carbon taxation. Our findings have significant implications for understanding the public’s response to the distributional consequences of the green transitions, and ultimately their political feasibility. |
| Keywords: | EXC-2035/1; Wiley deal |
| JEL: | J1 |
| Date: | 2023–12–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:120925&r=env |
| By: | Sophie Zhou; Frederick van der Ploeg; Rick van der Ploeg |
| Abstract: | We study climate change in a model with a carbon-intensive and a green sector, each subject to stochastic sectoral productivity shocks, and show how the underlying economic structure affects the risk-adjusted discount rate and the climate risk premium in the social cost of carbon (SCC). Consumption growth, aggregate consumption volatility, and the climate beta are all affected by the elasticity of substitution between the two sectors and the relative size of the sectors, and vary as the green transition progresses. The climate risk premium is hump-shaped during the green transition, with the climate beta playing a dominant role in its magnitude. For sufficiently strong substitutability between the two sectors and sufficiently low correlation between the sectoral shocks, decarbonisation can temporarily reduce aggregate consumption risk, as the climate beta becomes negative in the mid phase of the transition. The risk-adjusted discount rate first falls then rises during the green transition, leading to a SCC to GDP ratio that rises then falls as the green sector grows. We illustrate our analytical results numerically. |
| Keywords: | social cost of carbon, climate beta, carbon risk premium, two-sector model, asset pricing |
| JEL: | E60 G12 H23 O41 Q54 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_10840&r=env |
| By: | Mr. Serhan Cevik; Mr. Nadeem Ilahi; Mr. Krzysztof Krogulski; Ms. Grace B Li; Sabiha Mohona; Yueshu Zhao |
| Abstract: | EU’s neighborhood countries (EUN) have lagged the EU on emissions mitigation; coal-heavy power generation and industrial sectors are a key factor. They have also trailed EU countries in emissions mitigation policies since 2000, with little use of market-based instruments, and they still have substantial fossil fuel subsidies. Increasingly stringent EU mitigation policies are asociated with lower emissions in EUN. Overall output effects of the CBAM, in its current form, would be limited, though exports and emissions-intensive industries could be heavily impacted. A unilaterally adopted economywide carbon tax of $75 per ton would significantly lower emissions by 2030, with minimal consequences for output or household welfare, though a safety net for the affected workers may be necessary. To become competitive today by attracting green FDI and technology, overcoming infrastructure constraints and integrating into EU’s supply chains, EUN countries would be well served to front load decarbonization, rather than postpone it for later. |
| Keywords: | Climate change; carbon emissions; climate change mitigation ; carbon tax; Europe |
| Date: | 2023–12–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2023/246&r=env |
| By: | Davide D. Pace; Taisuke Imai; Peter Schwardmann; Joël J. van der Weele |
| Abstract: | With a large representative survey (N=1, 128), we document that consumers are very uncertain about the emissions associated with various actions, which may affect their willingness to reduce their carbon footprint. We experimentally test two channels for the behavioural impact of such uncertainty, namely risk aversion about the impact of mitigating actions and the formation of motivated beliefs about this impact. In two large online experiments (N=2, 219), participants make incentivized trade-offs between personal gain and (uncertain) carbon impact. We find no evidence that uncertainty affects individual climate change mitigation efforts through risk aversion or motivated belief channels. The results suggest that reducing consumer uncertainty through information campaigns is not a policy panacea and that communicating scientific uncertainty around climate impact need not backfire. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dpr:wpaper:1227&r=env |
| By: | Estelle Cantillon; Aurélie Slechten |
| Abstract: | The main argument in favor of markets in environmental contexts is the same as in other contexts: their ability to promote efficient allocations and production. But environmental problems bring their own challenges: their underlying bio-physical processes - and the technologies to monitor them - constrain what is feasible or even desirable. This chapter illustrates the main design dimensions in environmental markets, the trade-offs involved and their impact on performance, through the lens of a regulated market for pollution rights (the EU emissions trading scheme) and a voluntary market for the provision of environmental services (the global market for carbon credits). While both markets eventually contribute to climate change mitigation, their organisation as a “pollution market”, for the former, and as a “provision market”, for second, means that different design considerations take precedence. Both markets also face challenges: volatile prices in the EU emissions scheme and low trust for voluntary carbon markets. We discuss how alternative design options could address those. |
| JEL: | D47 Q2 Q53 Q57 |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:31987&r=env |
| By: | Phoebe Koundouri; Konstantinos Dellis; Angelos Plataniotis |
| Abstract: | This paper delves into the multifaceted impacts of climate change on Europe. It examines the immediate risks, including infrastructure damage and health crises, and explores the broader socio-economic consequences. The paper highlights Europe's strategic responses, such as the European Green Deal, and its efforts in pioneering innovative, sustainable solutions. Key initiatives like the Net-Zero Cities program and the role of Public-Private Partnerships are discussed, emphasizing the need for holistic, cross-sector collaboration. It also addresses the financial mechanisms and regulatory frameworks crucial for supporting the green transition. Ultimately, the paper underscores the EU's commitment to a sustainable, resilient future, balancing economic growth with environmental stewardship. |
| Date: | 2023–12–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aue:wpaper:2320&r=env |
| By: | Vo Tri Thanh (Brand and Competitiveness Strategy Institute, Viet Nam) |
| Abstract: | Viet Nam is exploring various models to promote long-term economic growth and sustainable development, including the blue economy. Viet Nam's policy documents have no formal definition of the marine economy or the newer concept of the blue economy. However, the policy documents have increasingly captured the essence of the blue economy, especially related to sustainable development. While lacking frequent updates and sufficient scope, the available statistics show the importance of the marine economy in the country. Viet Nam has various advantages for blue economy development, including high levels of sea traffic, a large sea area, a long coastline, and abundant marine resources. New opportunities for blue economy development can arise from consumers' attention to sustainable development, improvement of the related legal framework, and cooperation with partners and foreign investors. However, Viet Nam needs to improve the awareness of local authorities and people, strengthen institutions for blue economy development, and upgrade the capacity to forecast and warn of natural disasters and climate change at sea, including via international cooperation. |
| Date: | 2023–06–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:era:wpaper:pb-2023-03&r=env |
| By: | Yongyang Cai; Khyati Malik; Hyeseon Shin |
| Abstract: | We build a dynamic multi-region model of climate and economy with emission permit trading among 12 aggregated regions in the world. We solve for the dynamic Nash equilibrium under noncooperation, wherein each region adheres to the emission cap constraints following commitments outlined in the 2015 Paris Agreement. Our model shows that the emission permit price reaches $749 per ton of carbon by 2050. We demonstrate that a regional carbon tax is complementary to the global cap-and-trade system, and the optimal regional carbon tax is equal to the difference between the regional marginal abatement cost and the permit price. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2312.15563&r=env |
| By: | Fachry Abdul Razak Afif (Institute for Economic and Social Research, Faculty of Economy and Business, Universitas Indonesia (LPEM FEB UI)); Venkatachalam Anbumozhi (Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA)); Dongmei Chen (King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center (KAPSARC)); Alin Halimaussadiah (LPEM FEB UI); Vida Hardjono (University of Indonesia); Roes E.G. Lufti (LPEM FEB UI); Dian Lutfiana (Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA)); Julio Mauricio (KAPSARC); Alloysius Joko Purwanto (Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA)); Prof. Widodo Wahyu Purwanto (University of Indonesia); Jitendra Roychoudhury (KAPSARC); Citra Endah Nur Setyawati (Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA)); Majed Al Suwailem (KAPSARC); Wing T. Woo (Jeffrey Cheah Institute on Southeast Asia) |
| Abstract: | As carbon dioxide emission reductions become increasingly urgent to counter climate change, many nations have announced netzero emissions targets. Achieving a net-zero economy will require the decarbonisation of electricity generation, massive expansion of low-carbon energy systems, and investment in net-zero-carbon technologies. These adjustments must consider the existing energy, economic, and social development imperatives of advanced and developing countries, while encouraging regional cooperation. This brief assesses energy transition challenges for the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), and proposes new policy pathways towards an inclusive global netzero economy |
| Date: | 2023–02–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:era:wpaper:pb-2022-09&r=env |
| By: | Marco Gortan; Lorenzo Testa; Giorgio Fagiolo; Francesco Lamperti |
| Abstract: | Although high-resolution gridded climate variables are provided by multiple sources, the need for country and region-specific climate data weighted by indicators of economic activity is becoming increasingly common in environmental and economic research. We process available information from different climate data sources to provide spatially aggregated data with global coverage for both countries (GADM0 resolution) and regions (GADM1 resolution) and for a variety of climate indicators (average precipitations, average temperatures, average SPEI). We weigh gridded climate data by population density or by night light intensity – both proxies of economic activity – before aggregation. Climate variables are measured daily, monthly, and annually, covering (depending on the data source) a time window from 1900 (at the earliest) to 2023. We pipeline all the preprocessing procedures in a unified framework, which we share in the open-access Weighted Climate Data Repository web app. Finally, we validate our data through a systematic comparison with those employed in leading climate impact studies. |
| Keywords: | climate and weather data; spatial weighting; impact assessment; climate econometrics |
| Date: | 2023–12–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ssa:lemwps:2023/45&r=env |
| By: | Guido Núñez-Mujica (Breakthrough Institute); Vijaya Ramachandran (Breakthrough Institute); Scott Morris (Center for Global Development) |
| Abstract: | The World Bank is one of the largest providers of development finance to poor countries. In recent years, it has been under immense public pressure, mostly from its richest shareholders, to expand its climate portfolio. We examine the World Bank’s climate portfolio at the project level for the period 2000-2022 and find that financing is skewed towards mitigation projects. These projects lack estimates of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions, and there is no standardized reporting on GHG estimates across the portfolio. Further, hundreds of projects tagged climate—many in poorer countries—appear to have little to do with climate change mitigation or adaptation. We recommend that projects labeled climate should be accompanied by a clear explanation of why they mitigate emissions (with estimates of GHG reductions) or how they help increase resilience to climate-related events. Likewise, the World Bank must do more to identify outputs and verify outcomes for climate projects. |
| Date: | 2023–06–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cgd:ppaper:296&r=env |
| By: | Egorova, Natalia; Kozerskaya, Natalia |
| Abstract: | The article is dedicated to the memory of the outstanding Russian scientist and social and political figure Mikhail Yakovlevich Lemeshev, whose life and work were dedicated to serving science and the people. The work highlights the scientific activity of M. Ya. Lemeshev as an outstanding world-class economist who laid the fundamental theoretical foundations of environmental economics and the development of the human community in harmony with the environment. |
| Keywords: | Economy of environmental management, ecological habitat, ecological-economic social metasystem |
| JEL: | J18 Q57 |
| Date: | 2023–04–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:119436&r=env |
| By: | Diana Barro (Department of Economics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice); Marco Corazza (Department of Economics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice); Gianni Filograsso (Department of Economics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice) |
| Abstract: | Through ESG assessment, companies can effectively measure their exposure to environmental, social, and governance (ESG) risks identifying opportunities for long-term sustainable growth and future social and environmental impact. This process is crucial for listed small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) wanting additional support in their ESG transition. The importance of such assessments will only intensify in the future as the implementation of the Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation (SFRD) and the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) will require all listed companies to be on equal footing. In this contribution, we propose to apply a multi-criteria method (MURAME) to assess the sustainability profiles of SMEs. The methodology, which allows for measuring a firm's environmental, social, and governance (ESG) efforts, is applied to a sample of European-listed SMEs with the aim of identifying ESG leaders and laggards and analyzing potential sector-specific effects. The obtained ranking results show some degree of robustness across different model parameterizations. Furthermore, we propose to model the benefits of voluntary disclosure of sustainability information under a prudential scoring framework. |
| Keywords: | corporate social responsibility, sustainability policy, small- and medium-sized enterprises, multi-criteria decision making |
| JEL: | C44 Q56 M14 O16 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ven:wpaper:2023:27&r=env |
| By: | Kevin R. Kaushal; Lars Lindholt; Hidemichi Yonezawa (Statistics Norway) |
| Abstract: | Unilateral CO2 emission reduction can lead to carbon leakage, such as relocation of power-intensive and trade-exposed industries. In the EU emission trading system, these industries are also subjected to higher cost of electricity due to emission pricing in this sector. As a result, the industries in the EU receive free emission allowances to mitigate carbon leakage as well as CO2 compensation due to higher electricity cost. This paper examines the welfare effects of supplementing free allowances with a CO2 compensation on the power-intensive and trade-exposed goods. The analytical results suggest that introducing CO2 compensation has a regional and global welfare improving effect under certain plausible conditions. Numerical simulations in the context of the EU ETS support the analytical findings if the emission reduction target is stringent enough. |
| Keywords: | CO2 compensation; Emission trading system; Unilateral policy; Carbon leakage |
| JEL: | D61 F18 H23 Q54 |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ssb:dispap:1008&r=env |
| By: | Denitsa Angelova (Institute for Sustainable Resources, Bartlett School of Environment Energy & Resources, University College London); Andrea Bigano (Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC); RFF-CMCC European Institute on Economics and the Environment (EIEE)); Francesco Bosello (Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC); Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice); Shouro Dasgupta (Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC)); Silvio Giove (Department of Economics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice) |
| Abstract: | This paper proposes a transparent and replicable methodology to rank countries according to climate change risk through a composite indicator approach. We show that adherence to the IPCC definition of risk easily leads to a dominance of the exposure component in risk determination. This, on its turn, produces a country risk ranking that can differ also substantively from that of other indicators used for similar purposes, especially by rating agencies. These last indicators are, in fact, closer to the concept of vulnerability to climate change, than risk. Our major conclusion is that by accounting for all the components of risk, the dichotomy "high-climate-change-risk developing countries" vs "low climate-change-risk developed countries" blurs substantively, while climate risk becomes relatively higher than commonly considered in the latter group. |
| Keywords: | climate risk, physical climate risk, climate risk index, composite indicator |
| JEL: | Q5 Q54 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ven:wpaper:2023:28&r=env |
| By: | David Molitor; Corey D. White |
| Abstract: | Do environmental conditions pose greater health risks to individuals living in urban or rural areas? The answer is theoretically ambiguous: while urban areas have traditionally been associated with heightened exposure to environmental pollutants, the economies of scale and density inherent to urban environments offer unique opportunities for mitigating or adapting to these harmful exposures. To make progress on this question, we focus on the United States and consider how exposures—to air pollution, drinking water pollution, and extreme temperatures—and the response to those exposures differ across urban and rural settings. While prior studies have addressed some aspects of these issues, substantial gaps in knowledge remain, in large part due to historical deficiencies in monitoring and reporting, especially in rural areas. As a step toward closing these gaps, we present new evidence on urban-rural differences in air quality and population sensitivity to air pollution, leveraging recent advances in remote sensing measurement and machine learning. We find that the urban-rural gap in fine particulate matter (PM₂.₅) has converged over the last two decades and the remaining gap is small relative to the overall declines. Furthermore, we find that residents of urban counties are, on average, less vulnerable to the mortality effects of PM₂.₅ exposure. We also discuss promising areas for future research. |
| JEL: | I12 Q5 |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:31990&r=env |
| By: | Harrison Hong; Jeffrey D. Kubik; Edward P. Shore |
| Abstract: | Many US states have set ambitious renewable portfolio standards (RPS) that require utilities to switch from fossil fuels toward renewables. RPS increases the renewables capacity, bond issuance, maturity, and yield spreads of investor-owned utilities compared to municipal producers that are exempted from this climate policy. Contrary to stranded-asset concerns, the hit to overall firm financial health is moderate. Falling cost of renewables and passthrough of these costs to consumers mitigate the burden of RPS on firms. Using a Tobin’s q model, we show that, absent these mitigating factors, the impact of RPS on firm valuations would have been severe. |
| JEL: | G0 G18 G31 G35 H0 H23 H25 H41 Q42 Q50 Q54 Q56 Q58 |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:31960&r=env |
| By: | KIMURA Yosuke |
| Abstract: | As the risk of climate change has increased, companies have advanced their research and development in green transformation (GX) technologies. This paper utilizes the GX classification published by the Japan Patent Office to estimate the values of green and non-green innovation, and analyzes their impacts on firms' resource allocation and growth. This paper finds that (1) green innovation has higher value than non-green innovation on average, (2) non-green innovation measures at the firm level predict a future increase in sales, capital and labor, but green innovation measures do not have predictive power in terms of future variation of firm growth or resource allocation. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eti:dpaper:23086&r=env |
| By: | Aurélie Méjean (CIRED - Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AgroParisTech - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Antonin Pottier (CIRED - Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AgroParisTech - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CMB - Centre Marc Bloch - MEAE - Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères - Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung - M.E.N.E.S.R. - Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Stéphane Zuber (PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris sciences et lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, CES - Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Marc Fleurbaey (PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris sciences et lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, PJSE - Paris Jourdan Sciences Economiques - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris sciences et lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement) |
| Abstract: | Climate policy is often described by economists as an intertemporal consumption trade-off: consume all you want today and face climate damages in the future, or sacrifice consumption today to implement costly climate policies that will bring future benefits through avoided climate damages. If one assumes enduring technological progress, a society that is more averse to intertemporal inequalities should postpone climate policies and let future, richer generations pay more. Growing evidence however suggests that the trade-off is more complex: abrupt, extreme, irreversible changes to the climate may cause discontinuities to socio-economic systems, possibly leading to a sharp decline of human population and consumption per capita. In this paper, we show that, when accounting for a very small risk of catastrophic climate change, it is optimal to pursue stringent climate policies to postpone the catastrophe. Our results conform with the well-known conclusion that tight carbon budgets are preferred when aversion towards inequalities between generations is low. However, by contrast with previous studies, we show that stringent policies are also optimal when inequality aversion is high. The non-monotonicity of the influence of inequality aversion is due to the fact that, for a given investment in abatement, a higher inequality aversion gives a smaller weight to avoided future non-catastrophic damages, but a larger weight to the catastrophic outcome. We also explore the role of population ethics, and show that the size of the optimal carbon budget decreases with the social preference for large populations, although this parameter plays almost no role at extreme levels of inequality aversion. Our result demonstrates that views from opposite sides of the ethical spectrum in terms of inequality aversion converge in terms of climate policy recommendations, warranting immediate climate action. |
| Keywords: | Climate change, Catastrophic risk, Equity Population, Climate-economy model |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:cesptp:halshs-04158009&r=env |
| By: | Jingwei Ni (ETH Zurich); Julia Bingler (University of Oxford); Chiara Colesanti Senni (ETH Zürich; University of Zurich); Mathias Kraus (University of Erlangen); Glen Gostlow (University of Zurich); Tobias Schimanski (University of Zurich); Dominik Stammbach (ETH Zurich); Saeid Vaghefi (University of Zurich); Qian Wang (University of Zurich); Nicolas Webersinke (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg); Tobias Wekhof (ETH Zürich); Tingyu Yu (University of Zurich); Markus Leippold (University of Zurich; Swiss Finance Institute) |
| Abstract: | This paper introduces a novel approach to enhance Large Language Models (LLMs) with expert knowledge to automate the analysis of corporate sustainability reports by benchmarking them against the Task Force for Climate-Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) recommendations. Corporate sustainability reports are crucial in assessing organizations' environmental and social risks and impacts. However, analyzing these reports' vast amounts of information makes human analysis often too costly. As a result, only a few entities worldwide have the resources to analyze these reports, which could lead to a lack of transparency. While AI-powered tools can automatically analyze the data, they are prone to inaccuracies as they lack domain-specific expertise. This paper introduces a novel approach to enhance LLMs with expert knowledge to automate the analysis of corporate sustainability reports. We christen our tool \textsc{chatReport}, and apply it in a first use case to assess corporate climate risk disclosures following the TCFD recommendations. ChatReport results from collaborating with experts in climate science, finance, economic policy, and computer science, demonstrating how domain experts can be involved in developing AI tools. We make our prompt templates, generated data, and scores available to the public to encourage transparency. |
| Keywords: | Task Force for Climate-Related Financial Disclosures, Sustainability Report, Large Language Model, ChatGPT |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:chf:rpseri:rp23111&r=env |
| By: | Kongchheng Poch; Sothea Oum (Center for Strategy and Innovation Policy (CSIP) and National University of Management (NUM)) |
| Abstract: | Cambodia is at the early stage of maximising the full potential of the blue economy, inclusively and sustainably, due to the lack of an integrated policy framework, clear strategies, and concrete actions. It is critical to address the immediate challenges in the decline of the health and well-being of the marine environment and coastal communities (marine fish stock decline, ecosystem degradation, and pollution). Cambodia also needs to incorporate marine spatial planning in its longterm development vision-strengthening institutional arrangements and capacity, human resources, and investment in coastal and marine infrastructure and technologies. An integrated and multisectoral approach to blue economy development, which places environmental sustainability and people at the centre, also needs to be developed. Cambodia should take advantage of the growing interest in the blue economy at the global, regional, and country levels through effective enforcement of existing laws and regulations; tapping sustainable financing, including blue financing; and participation in the global framework and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Blue Economy Cooperation Framework. |
| Date: | 2023–08–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:era:wpaper:pb-2023-06&r=env |
| By: | TÜRKER Melis |
| Abstract: | The TR33 SDG Monitoring and Evaluation Report sheds light on the relationship between the TR33 Regional perspective and sustainable development goal by utilising regional data. It explainsthe progress and challenges the region faces in achieving the SDGs. The report includes recommendations for future improvements in terms of regional data platforms. It offers a comprehensive analysis of the TR33 Region's performance in critical areas related to sustainable development, including economic growth, social inclusion, environmental sustainability, and governance. THis report will help policymakers, stakeholders and researchers gain a deeper understanding of the TR33 Region's specific context and identify areas for targeted interventions and policy adjustments. It has the potential to be a vital tool for monitoring and evaluating the region's progress towards sustainable development, ultimately guiding decision-making processes for a more prosperous and inclusive future in the TR33 Region. The TR33 SDG Monitoring and Evaluation Report analyses 83 indicators offered by JRC and additional indicators to monitor and evaluate data used to measure the TR33 Region 2030 Agenda. IThe data sources are international, national and regional in origin. |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc134404&r=env |
| By: | Saleh Ghobbe; Mahdi Nohekhan |
| Abstract: | The environmental conservation issue has led consumers to rethink the products they purchase. Nowadays, many consumers are willing to pay more for products that genuinely adhere to environmental standards to support the environment. Consequently, concepts like green marketing have gradually infiltrated marketing literature, making environmental considerations one of the most important activities for companies. Accordingly, this research investigates the impacts of green marketing strategy on perceived brand quality (case study: food exporting companies). The study population comprises 345 employees and managers from companies such as Kalleh, Solico, Pemina, Sorbon, Mac, Pol, and Casel. Using Cochran's formula, a sample of 182 individuals was randomly selected. This research is practical; the required data were collected through surveys and questionnaires. The findings indicate that (1) green marketing strategy has a significant positive effect on perceived brand quality, (2) green products have a significant positive effect on perceived brand quality, (3) green promotion has a significant positive effect on perceived brand quality, (4) green distribution has a significant positive effect on perceived brand quality, and (5) green pricing has a significant positive effect on perceived brand quality. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2312.15865&r=env |
| By: | Giannetti, Mariassunta; Jasova, Martina; Loumioti, Maria; Mendicino, Caterina |
| Abstract: | Using confidential information on banks’ portfolios, inaccessible to market participants, we show that banks that emphasize the environment in their disclosures extend a higher volume of credit to brown borrowers, without charging higher interest rates or shortening debt maturity. These results cannot be attributed to the financing of borrowers’ transition towards greener technologies and are robust to controlling for banks’ climate risk discussions. Examining the mechanisms behind the strategic disclosure choices, we highlight that banks are hesitant to sever ties with existing brown borrowers, especially if they exhibit financial underperformance. JEL Classification: G11, G15, G21 |
| Keywords: | credit exposure, financial institutions, strategic disclosure, sustainability reporting, zombie lending |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecb:ecbwps:20232882&r=env |
| By: | Luiz de Mello (Economics Department, OECD); Teresa Ter-Minassian (Fiscal Affairs Department, IMF) |
| Abstract: | This paper explores the role of subnational investments in climate change mitigation and adaptation, emphasizing the importance of subnational entities in driving climate action at the local level. We discuss financing options, including public funds and private sector engagement, as well as governance structures necessary for effective subnational climate action. We also highlight the need for multi-level governance, collaboration, and clear policy frameworks to support subnational entities in implementing climate change initiatives. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ays:ispwps:paper2324&r=env |
| By: | Clemence Landers (Center for Global Development); Karen Mathiasen (Center for Global Development); Samuel Matthews (Center for Global Development) |
| Abstract: | The climate agenda has been a dominant feature of World Bank reform efforts, with President Banga aiming to both mobilize new resources and increase the proportion of total funding for climate-related projects. The stakes are high: greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in many borrowing countries are elevated and rising, dimming prospects for meeting the 2030 Paris Agreement target to limit warming to a 1.5 degrees Celsius increase. To date, stakeholders have focused on how to mobilize new funding for climate mitigation reflecting an emphasis on the supply side (e.g., financing) of the agenda. But there has been little analysis on the demand side (or project pipeline). The assumption is that more money will generate more demand. But this does not necessarily follow. In this paper, we discuss major factors that will influence demand for climate mitigation projects, especially from the largest emitters of greenhouse gases (e.g., China, India, Brazil, Indonesia, Mexico). Our assessment is that factors like World Bank borrowing costs and access to alternative sources of finance will likely limit demand absent financial incentives, which could prove costly and difficult to resource at the scale needed to have meaningful impact. We also see a risk that these incentives could be used inefficiently absent a rigorous analysis to identify where they could have the most impact and a robust framework for assessing results. |
| Date: | 2023–12–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cgd:ppaper:315&r=env |
| By: | Edward T. A. Mitchard; Harry Carstairs; Riccardo Cosenza; Sassan S. Saatchi; Jason Funk; Paula Nieto Quintano; Thom Brade; Iain M. McNicol; Patrick Meir; Murray B. Collins; Eric Nowak |
| Abstract: | Independent retrospective analyses of the effectiveness of reducing deforestation and forest degradation (REDD) projects are vital to ensure climate change benefits are being delivered. A recent study in Science by West et al. (1) appeared therefore to be a timely alert that the majority of projects operating in the 2010s failed to reduce deforestation rates. Unfortunately, their analysis suffered from major flaws in the choice of underlying data, resulting in poorly matched and unstable counterfactual scenarios. These were compounded by calculation errors, biasing the study against finding that projects significantly reduced deforestation. This flawed analysis of 24 projects unfairly condemned all 100+ REDD projects, and risks cutting off finance for protecting vulnerable tropical forests from destruction at a time when funding needs to grow rapidly. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2312.06793&r=env |
| By: | Beata Cichocka (Center for Global Development); Ian Mitchel (Center for Global Development) |
| Abstract: | This paper identifies and explores a number of challenges in using international public climate finance effectively towards contributing to low-carbon and resilient growth in lower- and middle-income countries. We explore key quantitative and qualitative trends in the climate finance architecture, including predictability of disbursements, affordability and concessionality of funding, provider proliferation and project fragmentation, implementation via modalities supporting recipient ownership, and the degree to which climate-related interventions are evaluated. Our research considers these trends against globally agreed principles of development effectiveness, with the aim of improving understandings of both the common and the climate-specific challenges within development finance. Ultimately, we find that climate-related development finance faces a number of challenges relative to other official development flows, including significantly lower disbursement ratios, a higher share of finance provided through debt instruments—and a rising share of loans to lower-income countries assessed as being at high risk of debt distress, a faster pace in proliferation of providers and shrinking project sizes, and fewer efforts to systematically evaluate impacts of interventions. Each of these areas will need to be tackled by public climate finance providers to ensure that the available funding is used towards climate objectives effectively. These and other issues related to the quality of climate finance should also be considered during the design of the new quantitative climate finance target under the UNFCCC to ensure that the structure of the goal promotes accountability and increases recipients’ ability to trust in the climate finance architecture. |
| Date: | 2022–12–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cgd:ppaper:281&r=env |
| By: | Habtamu Fuje; Jiaxiong Yao; Seung Mo Choi; Hamza Mighri |
| Abstract: | Climate-induced disasters are causing increasingly frequent and intense economic damages, disproportionally affecting emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs) relative to advanced economies (AEs). However, the impact of various types of climate shocks on output growth and fiscal positions of EMDEs is not fully understood. This research analyzes the macro-fiscal implications of three common climate disasters (droughts, storms, and floods) using a combination of macroeconomic data and comprehensive ground and satellite disaster indicators spanning the past three decades across 164 countries. Across EMDEs, where agriculture tends to be the principal sector, a drought reduces output growth by 1.4 percentage points and government revenue by 0.7 percent of GDP as it erodes the tax bases of affected countries. Meanwhile, likely reflecting limited fiscal space to respond to a disaster, fiscal expenditure does not increase following a drought. A storm drags output growth in EMDEs, albeit with negligible impact on fiscal revenue, but government expenditure increases due to reconstruction and clean-up efforts. We find only limited impact of localized floods on growth and fiscal positions. In contrast, AEs tend to experience negligible growth and fiscal consequences from climate-induced shocks. As these shocks have much more detrimental effects in EMDEs, international support for disaster preparedness and climate change adaptation play a crucial role for these countries to confront climate change. |
| Keywords: | Climate-related shocks; droughts; storms; floods; satellite data; macro-fiscal |
| Date: | 2023–12–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2023/261&r=env |
| By: | Mauricio Cárdenas (Columbia University (SIPA and CGEP); Center for Global Development); Juan José Guzmán Ayala (Columbia University, Center on Global Energy Policy (CGEP)) |
| Abstract: | Forest-based carbon markets could become an important source of income for countries in Africa, Latin America and Asia-Pacific. Estimates indicate that under a high carbon prices scenario, the value of the forest-based carbon credit market could increase from US$1.3 billion in 2021 to US$25 billion per year by 2030. Apart from the climate and monetary benefits, forest based carbon markets also have pitfalls that must be avoided. Without the right institutions in place, at the national and local level, forest projects can generate negative externalities, such as population displacement, increases in food prices, and biodiversity degradation. The value chain in carbon credits involves a number of high value-added upstream and downstream activities that tend to take place outside the countries where the projects are located. Industrial policies are required for host countries to receive a higher share of the revenue stream, including in areas such as structuring, monitoring, verification, and surveillance. Countries need to promote actions in labor training, research and development, and access to long-term capital. The paper proposes the creation National Carbon Federations as institutions to resolve several market failures, while preventing conflict, ensuring adequate savings of the additional income, and strengthen democratic governance. These organizations can also provide key public goods, so that local communities benefit from the development of carbon credits from tropical forests. |
| Date: | 2023–11–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cgd:ppaper:313&r=env |
| By: | Thomas Benison (Motu Economic and Public Policy Research); Julia Talbot-Jones (Victoria University of Wellington) |
| Abstract: | With urbanisation and climate change placing increasing pressure on water security around the world, demand-side mechanisms, such as metering and pricing, have emerged as core components of urban water management. Yet the impacts of metering and pricing on water production and consumption in Aotearoa New Zealand are not well understood. This constrains the ability of decision-makers to make targeted wellbeing improvements for the communities they serve. In this paper, we endeavour to estimate the impact of metering and pricing on urban water consumption in Aotearoa. We collect data on residential water production and consumption from 67 local councils and provide comparisons of water use across regions and over time, with particular attention given to Tauranga and Wellington. Our experience reveals the extent of the drinking water data gaps in urban areas in Aotearoa, raising questions about how evidence is being used to inform the design of urban water policy in Aotearoa and issues of public accountability. |
| Keywords: | Data gaps; demand management; drinking water; metering; policy; pricing |
| JEL: | Q21 Q25 Q28 |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mtu:wpaper:23_11&r=env |
| By: | Andrej Woerner (LMU Munich); Taisuke Imai (University of Osaka); Davide Pace (LMU Munich); Klaus Schmidt (LMU Munich) |
| Abstract: | The public acceptability of a carbon price depends on how the revenues from carbon pricing are used. In a fully incentivised experiment with a large representative sample of the German population, we compare five different revenue recycling schemes and show that support for a carbon price is maximised by a “Climate Premium” that pays a fixed, uniform, upfront payment to each person. This recycling scheme receives more support than tax and dividend schemes, than using revenues for the general budget of the government, and than earmarking revenues for environmental projects. Furthermore, we show that participants and experts underestimate the public support for carbon pricing. |
| Keywords: | carbon pricing; pigovian taxation; political support for carbon taxes; survey experiments; |
| JEL: | H23 P18 C9 D9 |
| Date: | 2023–12–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rco:dpaper:489&r=env |
| By: | Andrej Woerner; Taisuke Imai; Davide D. Pace; Klaus M. Schmidt |
| Abstract: | The public acceptability of a carbon price depends on how the revenues from carbon pricing are used. In a fully incentivised experiment with a large representative sample of the German population, we compare five different revenue recycling schemes and show that support for a carbon price is maximised by a “Climate Premium” that pays a fixed, uniform, upfront payment to each person. This recycling scheme receives more support than tax and dividend schemes, than using revenues for the general budget of the government, and than earmarking revenues for environmental projects. Furthermore, we show that participants and experts underestimate the public support for carbon pricing. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dpr:wpaper:1228&r=env |
| By: | Chen Chris Gong; Falko Ueckerdt; Christoph Bertram; Yuxin Yin; David Bantje; Robert Pietzcker; Johanna Hoppe; Michaja Pehl; Gunnar Luderer |
| Abstract: | Decarbonizing China's energy system requires both greening the power supply and end-use electrification. While the latter speeds up with the electric vehicle adoption, a rapid power sector transformation can be technologically and institutionally challenging. Using an integrated assessment model, we analyze the synergy between power sector decarbonization and end-use electrification in China's net-zero pathway from a system perspective. We show that even with a slower coal power phase-out, reaching a high electrification rate of 60% by 2050 is a robust optimal strategy. Comparing emission intensity of typical end-use applications, we find most have reached parity with incumbent fossil fuel technologies even under China's current power mix due to efficiency gains. Since a 10-year delay in coal power phase-out can result in an additional cumulative emission of 28% (4%) of the global 1.5{\deg}C (2{\deg}C) CO2 budget, policy measures should be undertaken today to ensure a power sector transition without unexpected delays. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2312.04332&r=env |
| By: | Tristan Earle Grupp; Prakash Mishra; Mathias Reynaert; Arthur A. van Benthem |
| Abstract: | The European Union designates 26% of its landmass as a protected area, limiting economic development to favor biodiversity. This paper uses the staggered introduction of protected-area policies between 1985 and 2020 to study the selection of land for protection and the causal effect of protection on vegetation cover and nightlights. Our results reveal protection did not affect the outcomes in any meaningful way across four decades, all countries, protection cohorts, and a wide range of land and climate attributes. We conclude that European conservation efforts lack ambition because policymakers select land for protection not threatened by development. |
| Keywords: | land protection, conservation, biodiversity, deforestation, vegetation cover, nightlights, staggered difference-in-differences |
| JEL: | Q23 Q24 Q57 R14 |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_10820&r=env |
| By: | Viral V. Acharya; Abhishek Bhardwaj; Tuomas Tomunen |
| Abstract: | How do firms mitigate the impact of rising temperatures on employment? Using establishment-level data, we show that firms operating in multiple counties in the United States respond to heat shocks by reducing employment in the affected locations and increasing it in unaffected locations, whereas single-location firms simply downsize. Workforce reallocation, aimed at preventing heat-related decline in labor productivity, is stronger among larger, financially stable firms with more ESG-oriented investors. The scale of this response increases with the severity of climate disasters and is aided by credit availability and competitive labor markets. Climate risk management by firms mitigates the impact of heat shocks on aggregate employment but induces a spatial redistribution of economic activity. |
| JEL: | D22 E24 G31 J21 L23 Q54 |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:31967&r=env |
| By: | Allen N. Berger; Filippo Curti; Nika Lazaryan; Atanas Mihov; Raluca A. Roman |
| Abstract: | Using supervisory data from large U.S. bank holding companies (BHCs), we document that BHCs suffer more operational losses during episodes of extreme storms. Among different operational loss types, losses due to external fraud, BHCs’ failure to meet obligations to clients and faulty business practices, damage to physical assets, and business disruption drive this relation. Event study estimations corroborate our baseline findings. We further show that BHCs with past exposure to extreme storms reduce operational losses from future exposure to storms. Overall, our findings provide new evidence regarding U.S. banking organizations’ exposure to climate risks with implications for risk management practices and supervisory policy. |
| Keywords: | Operational Losses; Banking; Bank Holding Companies; Natural Disasters; Climate Risk; Hurricanes; Tornadoes; Severe Thunderstorms |
| JEL: | G20 G21 G32 Q54 |
| Date: | 2023–12–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedpwp:97489&r=env |
| By: | Paula Beltran; Metodij Hadzi-Vaskov |
| Abstract: | Our work is positioned at the intersection of migration and climate change—two key forces shaping the economic outlook of many countries. The analysis explores: (i) the relative importance of origincountry vs destination-country factors in explaining migration patterns; (ii) importance of climate disasters as driver of cross-border migration; and (iii) the importance of climate-driven migration on the overall impact of climate on macroeconomic outcomes. It arrives at the following main findings. First, both origin-country and destination-country contribute to explaining migration outflows from EMDEs, although only the global shocks seem important for advanced economies. Second, climate disasters are important for explaining the origincountry migration shocks in LICs and EMDEs, are especially relevant for smaller countries, and lead to migration of both genders, albeit relatively more for males out of LICs. Third, important portion of climate’s overall impact on economic outcomes—especially agricultural GDP, remittances, and inequality—is captured via climate-driven migration. Finally, higher investment in climate-resilient infrastructure can reduce the impact of climate on cross-border migration, and thereby, result in potentially important economic gains. |
| Keywords: | International Migration; Climate; Climate Disasters |
| Date: | 2023–12–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2023/250&r=env |
| By: | Nils Ferrand (STEEP - Sustainability transition, environment, economy and local policy - Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes - Inria - Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique - LJK - Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann - Inria - Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes - Grenoble INP - Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes, UMR G-EAU - Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - BRGM - Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, UM - Université de Montpellier, INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Inria - Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique) |
| Abstract: | Addressing science-policy interfaces without including the "others" may lead to disconnections between policy design and efficiency of implementation. In this course held at the "ghent group on science-policy interfaces" we introduce the CoOPLAGE approach as a set of innovative pathways based on participatory modeling, We question : - the relation between knowledge production and dissemination, and its low impact on the changes required. We question what's next in the future strategies. - the essence of transformative science & its potential impact - multi-level participatory decision making - roles and engagement of the various stakeholders in the transformative processes - bases and potentials of a theory of change : targets, holders. - stages, needs and options for future strategies - ethical questions between scientific, participation and consequentialist ethics |
| Keywords: | ethics, participatory modeling, science-society-policy interface, socio-environmental change, transformative science, participation, cooplage |
| Date: | 2023–12–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04330563&r=env |
| By: | Nancy Lee (Center for Global Development); Clemence Landers (Center for Global Development); Samuel Matthews (Center for Global Development) |
| Abstract: | Our paper evaluates the climate financial intermediary funds (FIFs) which are one of the largest sources of multilateral grant and concessional finance for climate, especially for middle-income countries. Donors have contributed more than $50 billion to these funds. The World Bank acts as a trustee for twelve climate FIFs. In this paper, we focus on the three largest: the Global Environment Facility (GEF), Climate Investment Funds (CIF), and Green Climate Fund (GCF). Our findings reveal significant challenges at the systemic level and differing performance across FIFs. FIF funding is not allocated according to shared criteria measuring results and impact, nor are there consistent results and impact reporting standards. This makes it hard for donors to assess where best to put their scarce grant resources. Based on our analysis, we recommend consolidating funds in order to increase efficiency and impact; deploying more concessional funds at the climate finance portfolio (vs. transaction) level to achieve greater scale and leverage; avoiding the creation of new climate funds that would further fragment this system; and allocating FIF finance according to a shared set of criteria that maximizes mitigation and adaptation impact and impact per dollar of FIF funding. |
| Date: | 2023–03–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cgd:ppaper:287&r=env |
| By: | Evgeny Kuzmin; Maksim Vlasov; Wadim Strielkowski; Marina Faminskaya; Konstantin Kharchenko |
| Abstract: | This study examines the role of human capital investment in driving sustainable socio-economic growth within the energy industry. The fuel and energy sector undeniably forms the backbone of contemporary economies, supplying vital resources that underpin industrial activities, transportation, and broader societal operations. In the context of the global shift toward sustainability, it is crucial to focus not just on technological innovation but also on cultivating human capital within this sector. This is particularly relevant considering the recent shift towards green and renewable energy solutions. In this study, we utilize bibliometric analysis, drawing from a dataset of 1933 documents (represented by research papers, conference proceedings, and book chapters) indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) database. We conduct a network cluster analysis of the textual and bibliometric data using VOSViewer software. The findings stemming from our analysis indicate that investments in human capital are perceived as important in achieving long-term sustainable economic growth in the energy companies both in Russia and worldwide. In addition, it appears that the role of human capital in the energy sector is gaining more popularity both among Russian and international researchers and academics. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2312.06450&r=env |
| By: | Makowski, Vera; Dunger, Steffi; Wellbrock, Nicole |
| Abstract: | As part of international agreements, countries must report their greenhouse gas emissions. In associations of states such as the EU, it is desirable that the data used for reporting is also comparable. To date, there have been various methods for collecting data on forest soil, some of which differ so greatly from one another due to historically evolved circumstances that the data obtained cannot be harmonized. In addition, there are countries that have not yet collected any data, as a systematic survey, whether as part of an inventory or long-term monitoring, is time-consuming and cost-intensive. With this guideline, we therefore propose a basis that can be used in future to collect data for greenhouse gas (GHG) reporting in forest soils. The methodology is based on the ICP Forests manual and is limited to the parameters relevant for GHG reporting and their interpretation. It is possible to add individual parameters. With the help of the guideline, forest soil investigations can be linked to existing inventories (e.g. forest inventories) or the existing ICP Forests network can be consolidated with less complex sites. |
| Keywords: | Environmental Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:jhimwp:339083&r=env |
| By: | Mumbunan, Sonny; Maitri, Ni Made Rahayu; Buchholz, Georg; Schmidt-Pramov, Fabian |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:fribpd:280316&r=env |
| By: | Eren Aydin (University of Hamburg); Kathleen Kürschner Rauck (University of St.Gallen; Swiss Finance Institute) |
| Abstract: | We study the short-term effects of the 9-Euro-Ticket, a major German public transport subsidization program, on particulate matter (PM). Using hourly PM readings from pollution monitoring stations throughout Germany, provided by the German Federal Environmental Agency, we find declines in PM₁₀ and PM₂.₅ at core traffic stations, displaying differential effects of -0.44 µg/m³ and -0.41 µg/m³ relative to less frequented locations, which corresponds to approximately 2.8 % and 8.5 % of the current limit guidelines that the WHO suggests to mitigate adverse effects on human health. Pollution reductions materialize in regions with above-average public-transportation accessibility, are most pronounced during peak travel times on weekdays and in regions with above-average population density and larger car fleets, suggesting reductions in car usage sign responsible for our findings. This notion is supported by plausibility tests that employ NO₂ and SO₂ as outcomes. These insights into consequences of ticket-fare subsidization for air quality and potential causal pathways are of relevance for policymakers involved in transportation (infrastructure) planning to accommodate such directly incentivizing policy tools in the future. |
| Keywords: | Public transport subsidy, Air pollution, 9-Euro-Ticket, Germany |
| JEL: | R48 R41 Q53 |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:chf:rpseri:rp23109&r=env |
| By: | Kim, Key Hwan (Korea Institute for Industrial Economics and Trade); Kang, Ji Hyun (Korea Institute for Industrial Economics and Trade) |
| Abstract: | The new green industry bill (known as la loi industrie verte) in France can be seen as the French version of the United States’ Inflation Reduction Act (IRA). The bill introduces new subsidies for electric vehicles (EVs), necessitating an analysis of the possible impact of these subsidies on Korean industries. The EV subsidies of the IRA are designed to relocate production and assembly of finished vehicles and key components parts back to the United States or the countries with which the US has free trade agreements (FTAs) in place. The EV subsidies introduced by the new bill in France, on the other hand, base subsidization on the carbon footprints of EV production and distribution. The new system of EV subsidies seeks to reduce the carbon footprint in six major areas of EV manufacturing: steel, aluminum, other materials, battery production, assembly, and transportation. This system effectively favors EVs produced in European countries, whose industries make more use of renewable energy and which are closer to France, at the cost of EV makers in China and elsewhere in Asia, as the long distances involved in transportation essentially preclude them from subsidization, and constitute non-tariff barriers (NTBs). Serving environmental and industrial objectives simultaneously, the new bill embodies an important paradigm shift in policymaking. From a trade perspective, this shift in the focus of protectionist policymaking from intermediate goods such as EV batteries to finished goods such as EVs threatens to see NTBs erected at every stage of the value chain in which these finished goods are produced. More barriers to trade under protectionist statutes like the IRA and France’s new green industry are likely to prompt the reintegration of markets and production bases after decades of geographical separation. Korean businesses will therefore be forced to change their business model, from an export-led approach that favored production in Korea to a model in which they increasingly produce goods in target markets. This has the potential to hollow out Korean industries. The manufacturing-driven Korean economy needs to adapt to new global reality radically different from the heyday of globalization, when major importing countries were neutral about foreign manufacturers. |
| Keywords: | electric vehicles; EVs; batteries; secondary batteries; Inflation Reduction Act; IRA; la loi industrie verte; France; subsidies; EV subsidies; non-tariff barriers; NTBs; protectionism; economic nationalism; economic security; reshoring; France; Korea |
| JEL: | H23 H25 K32 L60 L62 Q56 Q58 |
| Date: | 2023–09–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:kietrp:2023_016&r=env |
| By: | Kohnert, Dirk |
| Abstract: | Since Russia's war in Ukraine, many European countries have been scrambling to find alternative energy sources. One of the answers was to increase imports of liquefied natural gas (LNG). By bypassing the use of pipelines from the East by building LNG terminals, the EU opened up a wider variety of potential suppliers. The Europe-Africa Energy and Climate Partnership provides a framework for a win-win alliance. African countries will be key players in the future, including sub-Saharan countries such as Nigeria, Senegal, Mozambique and Angola. According to the REPowerEU plan, hydrogen partnerships in Africa will enable the import of 10 million tons of hydrogen by 2030, replacing about 18 billion cubic meters of imported Russian gas. Algeria, Niger and Nigeria recently agreed to build a 4, 128-kilometer trans-Saharan gas pipeline that would run through the three countries to Europe. Once completed, the pipeline will transport 30 billion cubic meters of gas per year. The African Coalition for Trade and Investment (ACTING) estimates potential sub-Saharan LNG export capacity at 134 million tonnes of LNG (approximately 175 billion m3) by 2030. Sub-Saharan Africa is also expected to become the main producer of green hydrogen by 2050. However, this market remains to be developed and requires significant expansion of renewable production and water availability. However, the EU countries and companies involved would be well advised to take note of the adoption of much stricter EU greenhouse gas reduction targets for 2030 and the publication of the European Commission's methane strategy. That being said, the EU could risk having more than half of Europe's LNG infrastructure idle by 2030, as European LNG capacity in 2030 exceeds total forecast gas demand, including LNG and pipeline gas. Regardless, it should not be forgotten that African countries want and need to develop their domestic gas markets as a priority, and that export potential depends on this domestic development. In the long term, a global energy mix would be needed to accelerate change driven by new resources, new technologies and climate commitments. These changes in the use and availability of energy resources would also affect the use of fossil fuels. Regardless of this, in addition to the LNG supply, the EU must also take care of increasing its own storage capacities to be able to guarantee a cost-efficient response to a natural gas supply bottleneck. However, LNG alone is not enough to ensure the resilience of the system in the event of a supply failure. Alternative energy resources and energy saving remain essential. |
| Keywords: | GNL; Économie hydrogène; e-carburants; Terminaux GNL; Gaz naturel; Sécurité énergétique; Stockage de gaz; Afrique subsaharienne; UE; REPowerEU; Gazoduc transsaharien; marchés émergents; Pacte vert pour l'Europe; Zone de libre-échange; continentale africaine; Eni, TotalEnergies; BP; Sonatrach; Nigeria; Angola; Mozambique; Tanzanie; Sénégal; Cameroun; Guinée équatoriale; Namibie; Études africaines; |
| JEL: | E22 E23 F13 F18 F23 F35 F54 L71 L95 N57 N77 O13 Q35 Z13 |
| Date: | 2023–12–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:119420&r=env |
| By: | Dimmelmeier, Andreas |
| Abstract: | This FinVis explores the evolving landscape of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) information providers, focusing on their geographical distribution and consolidation dynamics. Utilizing a novel dataset of 143 ESG firms, the figure maps the headquarters and Merger and Acquisition (M&A) interactions across three time periods. The findings reveal the dominance of Europe and North America, which concentrate the ownership of over 80% of active firms. In particular, the acquisition trends depict North America's growing influence in the ESG information industry. |
| Date: | 2023–12–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:8zejr&r=env |
| By: | Mathijs Buts; Patricia Delbaere |
| Abstract: | On 1 October 2021, the government approved a new five-year Federal Plan for Sustainable Development. This plan is at the heart of federal sustainable development policy and this Working Paper describes the methodology for monitoring its implementation. The results are also presented here for the first time, and this exercise will be repeated every year from this spring onwards. It shows that in just one year, the public services have already reported on the implementation of more than 90% of the measures and that only 30% of the measures are not (yet) in an implementation phase. |
| Keywords: | Sustainable development, Policy evaluation |
| Date: | 2023–05–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpb:wpaper:202304&r=env |
| By: | Pedro Alba (BlueOrange Consulting and former World Bank staff); Patricia Bliss-Guest (former World Bank staff); Laura Tuck (former World Bank staff) |
| Abstract: | The current World Bank model focuses on reducing poverty and promoting equitable growth, while considering environmental and social sustainability. Programming of resources is country-driven, and resources are allocated to programs and investments according to priorities of client government authorities. Despite the appeal of this approach and its many benefits, it has left numerous global public goods (GPGs), particularly those related to climate change, underfinanced, undermanaged, and unachieved. The resulting limited levels of investment and programs have significant global cost and, potentially, extreme ramifications. While there has been considerable reflection on the question of mandate, as well as on options for improving financial engineering of the multilateral development banks (MDBs) to increase resources to better address GPGs, there has been little attention given to reforms and changes in the internal business model that would be required at an MDB like the World Bank if it were to implement a new global mission on climate change. This paper examines the changes in the internal business model that would allow the World Bank (or other MDBs) to better address climate change—and, with some adjustments, potentially, other GPGs. |
| Date: | 2023–03–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cgd:ppaper:288&r=env |
| By: | Sam Huckstep (Center for Global Development); Michael Clemens (George Mason University, Center for Global Development, IZA, and CReAM/UCL) |
| Abstract: | Climate change will have, and is having, major ramifications for migration at every level. While most migration affected by climate change will be internal, the international system is unprepared and inadequate for the needs that will arise. This paper reviews issues faced in the governance of climate-affected migration at the internal, regional, and international levels. It finds that at every level migration can be a valuable tool for adaptation, but that action is needed if its positive impact is to be maximised and negative consequences are to be avoided. Policy options are proposed or identified in numerous spheres of action. |
| Date: | 2023–05–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cgd:ppaper:292&r=env |
| By: | Asnawi Kamis |
| Abstract: | Brunei Darussalam needs new drivers to diversify the economy due to its one-dimensional nature. At the same time, the country is facing other challenges such as environmental degradation and climate change, which have been highlighted in other strategic documents. Hence, this policy brief proposes strategies for developing the blue economy in Brunei. The strategies are categorised into three key areas: industrial development, sustainability, and food security. These areas, along with their respective indicators, are encapsulated in the blue economy framework, consisting of goals, key areas, key indicators, strategies, and custodians. The framework should be documented in a master plan, administered by a council. Two sets of cross-cutting and area-specific strategies are recommended: (i) a combination of structural reforms, policies, and legislation; and (ii) programmes and projects. The implementers comprise government ministries and departments, statutory boards, higher learning institutions, and research institutions as well as government-linked companies. |
| Date: | 2023–09–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:era:wpaper:pb-2023-09&r=env |
| By: | Andrew R. Tilman; Robert G. Haight |
| Abstract: | The benefits of investments in sustainability are often public goods that accrue at broad scales and to many people. Urban forests exemplify this; trees supply ecosystem service benefits from local (in the case of shade) to global (in the case of carbon sequestration) scales. The complex mosaic of public and private ownership that typically defines an urban forest makes the public goods problem of investing in forest sustainability especially acute. This results in incentives for private tree owners to invest in tree care that typically fall short of those of a public forest manager aiming for the social optimum. The management of a forest pest, such as emerald ash borer, provides a salient focus area because pests threaten the provision of public goods from urban forests and pest management generates feedback that alters pest spread and shapes future risks. We study how managers can design policies to address forest pest outbreaks and achieve uniform management across a mosaic of ownership types. We develop a game theoretic model to derive optimal subsidies for the treatment of forests pests and evaluate the efficacy of these policies in mitigating the spread of forest pests with a dynamic epidemiological model. Our results suggest that a combination of optimal treatment subsidies for privately owned trees and targeted treatment of public trees can be far more effective at reducing pest-induced tree mortality than either approach in isolation. While we focus on the management of urban forests, designing programs that align private and public incentives for investment in public goods could advance sustainability in a wide range of systems. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2312.05403&r=env |
| By: | Zhi Chen; Zachary Feinstein; Ionut Florescu; Papa Momar Ndiaye |
| Abstract: | Investors are increasingly incorporating Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) ratings into their investment strategies to evaluate and manage potential risks and sustainability of companies. ESG ratings typically follow a hierarchical structure, where raw data points are progressively aggregated, leading to individual E, S, G scores and ultimately aggregating in a broad, consolidated ESG score. While many studies have investigated the relationship between stock performance and individual or overall ESG scores, few have used raw ESG data into their analyses. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the difference in predictive capabilities of ESG raw scores versus aggregated scores on annual company stock returns and volatility. Our findings reveal a trend where the predictive power is strongest at the raw data level, and it gradually weakens through successive stages of aggregation, with the overall scores exhibiting the weakest predictive capability. This result highlights the effectiveness of raw ESG data in capturing the complex dynamics between ESG factors and financial performance, making it the superior choice in further study. |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2312.00202&r=env |
| By: | Canyon Keanu Can (Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Indonesia); Teguh Dartanto (Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Indonesia) |
| Abstract: | During Indonesia's chairmanship of ASEAN in 2023, it has highlighted the blue economy as a key sector for the region's sustainable future. A greener and bluer economy requires both environmental and societal balance. In prioritising the sector, Indonesia recognises both the steep challenges and the abundant potential associated with the blue economy, alongside the need for international and inter-sectoral cooperation to fully leverage the sector's capacity for a more inclusive and equitable future. This brief explores Indonesia's existing progress in harnessing its blue economy, what challenges lie ahead, and what strategic initiatives Indonesia must undertake to pave a pathway towards a blue economic transformation. |
| Date: | 2023–08–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:era:wpaper:pb-2023-05&r=env |
| By: | BARRIOS Salvador (European Commission - JRC); PYCROFT Jonathan; STASIO Andrzej Leszek (European Commission - JRC); STOEHLKER Daniel (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | We assess the extent to which the $391bn of energy and climate tax provisions under the Inflation Reduction Act in the United States could lead to a potential reallocation of investment and production activities away from the European Union. The analysis is based on the JRC’s CORTAX multi-country, general equilibrium model in order to provide estimates of the potential impact of the IRA on main macroeconomic aggregates for the EU as a whole and the US. Our results suggest that, if the US had adopted the subsidies scheme unilaterally, the IRA provisions would have boosted investment in this country at the expense of investment in the EU. However, taking in to account available funding from various EU programmes that are planned under the current Multiannual Financial Framework and NextGenerationEU (e.g. from the Recovery and Resilience Facility), the simulation results suggest that EU green sectors would significantly increase their activity while the positive impact on the EU economy as a whole would be positive and noticeable. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:taxref:202308&r=env |
| By: | James Fenske; Muhammad Haseeb; Namrata Kala |
| Abstract: | Formal rules within organizations are pervasive, but may be interpreted and implemented differently by actors within the organization, impacting organizational outcomes. We consider a delegation reform that changed formal rules within the environmental regulator in an Indian state, by giving decision rights to junior officers over certain types of application. Using novel data on firms' environmental permit applications and internal communications within the regulator, we study how the delegation of formal authority affects its actual allocation, the consequences for applicant firms, and the circumstances that lead senior officers to withhold this authority. The change in decision rights led to greater approval rates for applicant firms. However, only two thirds of applications that should have been delegated according to the rules were actually delegated. We show that senior officers chose to retain decision rights over more difficult applications, namely, applications with higher pollution potential. Furthermore, baseline disagreement with more subordinates' recommendations reduces delegation post-reform, and officers facing a higher backlog of applications are more likely to delegate. These results are consistent with a framework where the allocation of decision rights is determined by a knowledge hierarchy and where different senior officers face varying costs of delegation at different times. |
| JEL: | D23 D73 O1 O13 Q50 Q53 Q56 Q58 |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:31991&r=env |
| By: | Rabah Arezki (Harvard Kennedy School); Adnan Mazarei (Peterson Institute for International Economics) |
| Abstract: | The Middle East and North Africa region (MENA) is addicted to fossil fuels, but so too is the rest of the world economy. Solutions to the energy transition have thus to be found in a coordinated global shift in both the supply and demand for fossil fuels and clean(er) energy, where multilateral institutions can play an important role. These institutions could help bolster international technology transfers to MENA, as well as scale up investment and trade in clean energy to facilitate the global energy transition. Given the potential in MENA for solar power, the region could remain a global hub, this time for clean energy. |
| Date: | 2023–01–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cgd:ppaper:283&r=env |
| By: | Jonathan Beynon (Center for Global Development) |
| Abstract: | The scale, source, and allocation of climate finance have been contentious aspects of the Paris Agreement and its implementation. Central to these are questions of “fair shares”: who might contribute what and whether the group of contributors should be expanded. New analysis presented here concludes that there is a case for nontraditional donors providing 20-30 percent of any total, with this finding robust to a variety of different measures of historical emissions, cut-off dates, and income. China, Russia, South Korea, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Poland, the United Arab Emirates, and Mexico consistently feature in the top 20. Developed countries, however, should continue to take primary responsibility, with the United States shouldering at least 40 percent of the burden in virtually all scenarios. The politics of climate finance will continue to be difficult, but it is hard to escape the conclusion that both the United States and China will need to provide more. |
| Date: | 2023–11–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cgd:ppaper:311&r=env |
| By: | Cindy Grappe (UQAM - Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal); Cindy Lombart (Audencia Recherche - Audencia Business School); Didier Louis (LEMNA - Laboratoire d'économie et de management de Nantes Atlantique - IMT Atlantique - IMT Atlantique - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] - Nantes Univ - IAE Nantes - Nantes Université - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises - Nantes - Nantes Université - pôle Sociétés - Nantes Univ - Nantes Université - IUML - FR 3473 Institut universitaire Mer et Littoral - UM - Le Mans Université - UA - Université d'Angers - UBS - Université de Bretagne Sud - IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie - Nantes Univ - Nantes Université - Nantes Univ - ECN - École Centrale de Nantes - Nantes Univ - Nantes Université, Nantes Univ - IUT Saint-Nazaire - Nantes Université - Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire - Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie - Nantes Univ - Nantes Université); Fabien Durif (UQAM - Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal) |
| Abstract: | The personal care industry is gradually shifting its promises toward health and environment-based messages, promoting either the addition of beneficial ingredients or processes or the removal of potentially deleterious additives or procedures. However, prior research has failed to encapsulate and organize the plethora of claims and to link consumer concerns, knowledge, and the influence of prosocial norms to attitude and purchase intention. This study examines the impact of absence- and presence-framed claims referring either to health or environmental friendliness on attitude and behavioral intention toward personal care products. It also explores differences in consumer profiles (concerning health, the environment, appearance, peer pressure, or disparate levels of front-of-package literacy). Using a framework based on Ajzen (1985) theory of planned behavior enriched with variables such as personal altruistic and egoistic concerns, claim credibility, and attitude, this study shows the superiority of absence-versus presence-framed claims for health and environment-based messages. Both claims pertaining to the environment and to health generate a positive attitude and are powerful in further converting it into buying intention. |
| Keywords: | Clean labeling, Front-of-package claims, Message framing, Health, Environmental friendliness, TPB, Clean labeling front-of-package claims message framing health environmental friendliness TPB, front-of-package claims, message framing, health, environmental friendliness |
| Date: | 2022–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04293232&r=env |
| By: | Nancy Lee (Center for Global Development); Valerie Laxton (World Resources Institute); Samuel Matthews (Center for Global Development) |
| Abstract: | If we could reinvent MDBs to respond to urgent development and climate needs and to benefit from 70 years of experience with the model, what would they look like? Many are focused on the scale of MDB finance. This paper focuses on how the model needs to change to effectively deploy more finance. A central question for the model is how country investment priorities are set. This paper advocates that countries should chart their own low-carbon climate resilient development and growth paths, with robust analytical support from MDBs that integrates climate and development challenges, including cross-border challenges, and helps countries set priorities for investments and policies. MDBs should work together as a coherent system to support one country-owned strategy, rather than individually creating their own separate strategies and policy conditions. This approach will help overcome fears by borrowing countries that rich shareholders are compelling them to abandon their own development priorities in favor of other countries’ climate priorities. It will also help break down the silos within and across MDBs that thwart collaboration and diminish their effectiveness. The country strategies should go deep rather than broad, aiming for transformative outcomes in a few priority sectors selected for their importance for achieving the country’s sustainable development and climate goals. Success should be measured based on achievement of targeted outcomes, not by the size of financial inputs. Governments, MDBs, and other development partners should all make finance and other commitments under the strategy and be held accountable for their performance. Governments that meet their policy and finance commitments should be assured of consistent, predictable budget support from MDBs, along with investment project and pay-for-results lending. Beyond their own lending, MDBs should focus on improving the terms of market borrowing for sustainable development, making more use of their guarantee and insurance products. And MDB boards should spend less time on individual project approvals and more on monitoring outcome progress at the country level and country contributions to cross-border goals. A second critical challenge is how to boost MDB performance in mobilizing private finance for climate and development goals. The paper advocates putting mobilization at the center of MDB institutional strategies, setting ambitious mobilization targets, and implementing institutional changes needed to achieve those targets. Two core changes are critical: (1) changing financial product offerings to better match instruments to private capital market gaps, which means less emphasis on senior loans and more deployment of subordinated financial products; and (2) focusing more on creating portfolios of sustainable finance assets to offer private investment opportunities at scale. Partnerships with institutional investors and more risk- tolerant investors are both essential to achieve scale and manage increased risk. |
| Date: | 2023–06–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cgd:ppaper:299&r=env |
| By: | Huong-Giang Pham (Faculty of International Economics, Foreign Trade University, Viet Nam); Tuong-Anh T. Nguyen (Faculty of International Economics, Foreign Trade University, Viet Nam); Hoang-Nam Vu (Faculty of International Economics, Foreign Trade University, Viet Nam) |
| Abstract: | Conventional agricultural methods are putting considerable strain on developing countries' environments. This problem can be ameliorated through the adoption of Sustainable Agricultural Practices (SAPs), which can bring economic, ecological and social benefits for farmers, consumers and the overall economy. However, the adoption rates of SAPs remain low in many developing countries. It is therefore vital to provide empirical evidence on the improvement of agricultural productivity as it may assist policymakers in designing suitable policy as well as encourage farmers to adopt SAPs on their farms. This study analyses the impacts of different SAP adoption packages on land productivity and labour productivity in Viet Nam. This is the first attempt in the context of Viet Nam to investigate the economic effects of adopting different SAP packages including crop diversification (CD), conservation agriculture practices (CA) and a combination of those. Using panel Viet Nam Access to Resources Household Survey (VARHS) data with multinomial endogenous switching regressions and an instrumental variable helps reduce potential biases in impact evaluation that previous studies have not fully addressed. Results confirm that if a farmer adopts SAPs, it may raise his net profit per hectare by about 4 million Vietnamese Dong (D)/ha/year, whereas the agricultural income per hectare increases by about 4–6 million D/ha/year. Moreover, the joint adoption of multiple SAPs brings higher benefits (of about 2-4 more million D/ha/year) than single SAP adoption. These findings suggest that policymakers and related stakeholders should focus on promoting the adoption of a combination of crop diversification and conservation practices. |
| Keywords: | sustainable agricultural practices, multinomial endogenous switching regressions, household production, Viet Nam. |
| JEL: | D13 O13 Q12 |
| Date: | 2023–03–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:era:wpaper:dp-2022-41&r=env |
| By: | Mendoza Sánchez, Juan Fernando |
| Abstract: | El proyecto RIDASICC tiene como objetivo contribuir a la integración de la reducción de riesgos de desastres (RRD) y la adaptación sostenible e incluyente al cambio climático (ASICC) en los proyectos de inversión pública, conservando y mejorando los servicios que brindan a la población de los países miembros del COSEFIN/SICA. La iniciativa es coordinada por la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) y la Secretaría Ejecutiva del Consejo de Ministros de Hacienda o Finanzas de Centroamérica, Panamá y República Dominicana (COSEFIN), con la estrecha participación de los siete ministerios de hacienda o finanzas y tres ministerios o secretarías de planificación responsables de los sistemas nacionales de inversión pública (SNIP) de dichos países y otras instituciones socias nacionales y regionales como el Consejo de Ministros de Transporte (COMITRAN) del Sistema de la Integración Centroamericana (SICA), contando con el apoyo financiero de la Agencia Suiza para el Desarrollo y la Cooperación (COSUDE). |
| Date: | 2023–12–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col094:68756&r=env |
| By: | Benjamin Stephens (Instiglio); Sebastián Chaskel (Instiglio); Mariana Noguera (Instiglio); Maria del Mar Oyola (Instiglio); Lucía Pérez (Instiglio); Mateo Zárate (Instiglio) |
| Abstract: | As Dissanayake (2021) and Dissanayake and Camps (2022) have argued, pull financing is an underutilized tool with the potential to drive the development and adoption of critical technologies necessary to address the globe’s climate crisis. The paper builds the case further and provides tangible examples by presenting two case studies that illustrate how pull climate finance can be used to deliver urgently needed climate results and support development objectives across low- and middle-income countries. The case studies respond to two pressing issues contributing to the globe’s climate challenge: (1) the growing use of energy intensive residential air conditioning and (2) the common use of stubble burning agricultural practices. For both cases, we propose that an Advance Market Commitment (AMC), a form of pull finance, could be used as a promising tool to enable technology development and adoption, driving a market shift towards a new and cleaner equilibrium. In the case of cooling, we outline the potential of an AMC to drive a sustained shift in the Indian market by enabling the scale-up of cleaner cooling technologies, driving down their costs to ensure their future competitiveness. In the case of stubble burning, also focused on India, we show that an AMC could offer incentives for producers to innovate to drive short-run take-up of stubble burning alternatives, facilitating a sustained market shift to stubble burning alternatives in the medium-term. We find both cases hold promise to achieve substantial and cost-effective emission reductions, as well as important development benefits in the form of both economic and health outcomes—a finding which should justify significant investments. |
| Date: | 2022–11–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cgd:ppaper:278&r=env |
| By: | Anne-Claire Savy (MRM - Montpellier Research in Management - UM1 - Université Montpellier 1 - UPVM - Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 - UM2 - Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques - UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia - Groupe Sup de Co Montpellier (GSCM) - Montpellier Business School, ADEME - Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l'Energie, CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes) |
| Abstract: | Cette communication montre comment une instance gouvernementale en charge de la transition de son territoire vers une économie circulaire (EC) appréhende les paradoxes d'une gouvernance de transition vers une société durable. Elle constate d'abord le peu de connaissances établies sur la gouvernance de transition d'un territoire vers une EC (TTVEC), limitées à l'expérience de l'écologie industrielle et territoriale. Pour la compléter, elle synthétise le regard sur la gouvernance des littératures sur le management de transition et l'autoorganisation. Ces littératures encore exploratoires mettent en évidence trois paradoxes : une transition orchestrée par le régime qui la soutient mais lui résiste, une gouvernance de transition spontanée, imprévisible et non planifiable et une piste de gouvernance par l'auto-organisation. La recherche vise à comprendre comment une instance gouvernementale, en charge de la TTVEC, adresse ces paradoxes. Elle est menée en recherche accompagnement, étudiant un cas français de concertation et lancement de mise en oeuvre d'un plan régional d'action en faveur de l'EC. Les résultats montrent une instance ouvrant sa gouvernance aux acteurs pour déjouer la résistance du régime, mobilisant l'intelligence collective pour planifier l'imprévisible, et tentant d'impulser un réseau autoorganisé pour engager la TTVEC. Ces efforts sont empêchés par le maintien de pouvoirs en place, par un cadre conventionnel de gestion de projet et un développement descendant de réseaux. La capacité des individus à agir sur le régime est reconnue sans être mobilisée comme fondement de l'auto-organisation. Les apports de ces résultats sont discutés en regard des thèses de résistance au changement du régime, et des littératures soutenant une transition par essence spontanée et autoorganisée. Les freins et leviers sont précisés, appelant à mobiliser la théorie Follettienne (Stout & Love, 2017) pour expérimenter des arènes et méta-gouvernances de transition, distinctes du régime (Hebinck et al., 2022). |
| Keywords: | Transition sociétale durable Economie circulaire Gouvernance M.P. Follett Territoire Sustainable societal transition Circular economy Governance M.P. Follett Territory, Transition sociétale durable, Economie circulaire, Gouvernance, M.P. Follett, Territoire Sustainable societal transition, Circular economy, Governance, Territory |
| Date: | 2022–11–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04238765&r=env |
| By: | Lidia Cano Pecharroman; ChangHoon Hahn |
| Abstract: | As governments race to implement new climate adaptation policies that prepare for more frequent flooding, they must seek policies that are effective for all communities and uphold climate justice. This requires evaluating policies not only on their overall effectiveness but also on whether their benefits are felt across all communities. We illustrate the importance of considering such disparities for flood adaptation using the FEMA National Flood Insurance Program Community Rating System and its dataset of $\sim$2.5 million flood insurance claims. We use ${\rm C{\scriptsize AUSAL}F{\scriptsize LOW}}$, a causal inference method based on deep generative models, to estimate the treatment effect of flood adaptation interventions based on a community's income, diversity, population, flood risk, educational attainment, and precipitation. We find that the program saves communities \$5, 000--15, 000 per household. However, these savings are not evenly spread across communities. For example, for low-income communities savings sharply decline as flood-risk increases in contrast to their high-income counterparts with all else equal. Even among low-income communities, there is a gap in savings between predominantly white and non-white communities: savings of predominantly white communities can be higher by more than \$6000 per household. As communities worldwide ramp up efforts to reduce losses inflicted by floods, simply prescribing a series flood adaptation measures is not enough. Programs must provide communities with the necessary technical and economic support to compensate for historical patterns of disenfranchisement, racism, and inequality. Future flood adaptation efforts should go beyond reducing losses overall and aim to close existing gaps to equitably support communities in the race for climate adaptation. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2312.03843&r=env |
| By: | Tobias Schimanski (University of Zurich); Julia Bingler (University of Oxford); Camilla Hyslop (University of Oxford); Mathias Kraus (University of Erlangen); Markus Leippold (University of Zurich; Swiss Finance Institute) |
| Abstract: | Public and private actors struggle to assess the vast amounts of information about sustainability commitments made by various institutions. To address this problem, we create a novel tool for automatically detecting corporate, national, and regional net zero and reduction targets in three steps. First, we introduce an expert-annotated data set with 3.5K text samples. Second, we train and release ClimateBERT-NetZero, a natural language classifier to detect whether a text contains a net zero or reduction target. Third, we showcase its analysis potential with two use cases: We first demonstrate how ClimateBERT-NetZero can be combined with conventional question-answering (Q&A) models to analyze the ambitions displayed in net zero and reduction targets. Furthermore, we employ the ClimateBERT-NetZero model on quarterly earning call transcripts and outline how communication patterns evolve over time. Our experiments demonstrate promising pathways for extracting and analyzing net zero and emission reduction targets at scale. |
| Keywords: | Net Zero Targets, ClimateBERT, Transformers, NLP |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:chf:rpseri:rp23110&r=env |
| By: | Phoebe Koundouri; Georgios I. Papayiannis; Electra V. Petracou; Athanasios N. Yannacopoulos |
| Abstract: | In this paper we propose a consensus group decision making scheme under model uncertainty consisting of an iterative two-stage procedure and based on the concept of Fr\'echet barycenter. Each step consists of two stages: the agents first update their position in the opinion metric space by a local barycenter characterized by the agents' immediate interactions and then a moderator makes a proposal in terms of a global barycenter, checking for consensus at each step. In cases of large heterogeneous groups the procedure can be complemented by an auxiliary initial homogenization step, consisting of a clustering procedure in opinion space, leading to large homogeneous groups for which the aforementioned procedure will be applied. The scheme is illustrated in examples motivated from environmental economics. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2312.00436&r=env |
| By: | REID Alasdair; STEWARD Fred; MIEDZINSKI Michal (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The report provides guidance on applying a mission-oriented approach to smart specialisation strategies (S3) to address societal challenges and achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs). Challenge-led missions are systemic frameworks that help align S3 with ambitious societal goals, and provide strategic direction to the implementation of policy instruments and projects mobilised through S3. The report focuses on areas relevant to mission implementation, including framing challenge-led missions, designing policy mix for missions, developing concrete practises to support mission implementation, and adapting the monitoring and evaluation system. The authors propose mission-oriented roadmapping framework to improve the coherence and directionality of policy instruments and processes mobilised through missions. The report was prepared in close cooperation with policy makers from the Czech Ministry of Industry and Trade responsible for the Czech national S3 strategy. The publication is aimed at policymakers in Europe and beyond who are responsible for designing and implementing innovation policies that address sustainability challenges and goals such as the SDGs. |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc134466&r=env |
| By: | Joran Douhard; Bruno Van Pottelsberghe |
| Abstract: | What is the return to investment in sustainable materials for houses? This research question is addressed through Life Cycle Assessments and Life Cycle Cost analyses of two reference houses and their “sustainable” alternatives in Belgium. The most striking results are that (1) the operational stage accounts for about 65% of the total impact of a house; (2) a 1 € investment in sustainable materials induces a drop of 1 to 1.3 KgCO2eq; (3) this impact fluctuates across elements, with higher returns for widows (-3 to -6 KgCO2eq) and for external walls (-6 KgCO2eq) and the lowest for ground floor (-0.3 KgCO2eq). |
| Keywords: | Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Life Cycle Cost (LCC), single family house, sustainability, carbon footprint |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ict:wpaper:2013/365977&r=env |
| By: | Di Bu (Macquarie University); Matti Keloharju (Aalto University; Research Institute of Industrial Economics; CEPR); Yin Liao (Macquarie University; Australian National University); Steven Ongena (University of Zurich; Swiss Finance Institute; KU Leuven; NTNU Business School; CEPR) |
| Abstract: | How do bankers treat green firms? Utilizing unique loan application and banker preference data from a mid-sized bank, we find that customer managers, serving as front-line bankers, provide more favorable recommendations for green firms, particularly when they hold strong green values. However, a minority of environmentally skeptical bankers counteract this trend. These brown managers fake green interests when their recommendations bear no weight, and conversely, diminish their endorsements to green firms when they do hold significance. Additionally, brown loan officers, acting as superiors to these managers, strive to offset positive green firm evaluations by downgrading them. |
| Keywords: | Green bank lending, customer managers, loan officers, values |
| JEL: | G21 |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:chf:rpseri:rp23113&r=env |
| By: | Masanori Kozono (Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA)); Kentaro Yamada (Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA)); Siti Mustaqimatud Diyanah (Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA)) |
| Abstract: | 'ASEAN Regional Guidelines for Sustainable Agriculture in ASEAN' were adopted at the 44th Meeting of the ASEAN Ministers on Agriculture and Forestry on 26 October 2022. The successful implementation of these guidelines necessitates the development of a practical action plan. To assist ASEAN in implementing these guidelines and provide valuable insights for the action plan's development, the Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia conducted a preliminary scoping study. This study aimed to identify key technology and policy areas, assess the current status of sustainable agriculture, and recommend initiatives for achieving sustainable and circular agriculture. The study findings highlight the prevalence of specific initiatives, significant disparities in initiatives between Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, and Viet Nam (CLMV) and non-CLMV countries, and prioritised strategies amongst the 28 key strategies outlined in the Guidelines. The action plan should outline practical actions aligned with the priority strategies, complete with achievable targets and timelines. |
| Date: | 2023–11–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:era:wpaper:pb-2023-10&r=env |
| By: | Rafik Abdesselam (COACTIS - COnception de l'ACTIon en Situation - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - UJM - Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne); Malia Kedjar (LARSH - Laboratoire de Recherche Sociétés & Humanités - UPHF - Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France - INSA Hauts-De-France - INSA Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Hauts-de-France - INSA - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées); Patricia Renou-Maissant (EconomiX - EconomiX - UPN - Université Paris Nanterre - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this paper is to identify the drivers of eco-innovation in start-ups. Firstly, a discriminant analysis (DA) is applied to study what is distinctive about eco-innovative start-ups as compared to non-eco-innovative start-ups. Secondly, a typology of eco-innovative start-ups is developed using a hierarchical ascendant clustering (HAC). Analyses are carried out using original data from a survey of 120 eco-innovative and non-ecoinnovative French start-ups. Discriminant analyses reveal that the founders of eco-innovative start-ups are differentiated by characteristics related to their environmental education and professional experience. Furthermore, eco-innovative start-ups are distinguished from the non-eco-innovative start-ups by voluntary environmental practices, such as the adoption of corporate social responsibility policies. Finally, we show that there is a diversity of profiles of eco-innovators. In fact, firms cluster into five main profiles and exhibit different eco-innovation drivers. We highlight that the different types of eco-innovators do not face the same difficulties in accessing funds. These findings have important implications for the implementation of public policy designed to promote eco-innovative activity, and they highlight the need to design policies that take into account the distinctive character of each profile. |
| Keywords: | Eco-innovation Start-ups typology Data analysis methods |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04304153&r=env |
| By: | International Monetary Fund |
| Abstract: | Considering the need to strengthen the development planning system to achieve the Benin 2025 Alafia Vision, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and Africa’s Agenda 2063, the government adopted a roadmap during the Council of Ministers of July 27, 2016 for the development of the 2016-2021 Government Action Program (PAG) and the National Development Plan (PND). The PND is the first layer in the configuration of the Benin 2025 Alafia Vision, in accordance with the planning system adopted by Benin during the national days of assessment organized on this subject on December 5 and 6, 1991 and adopted by the government in the Council of Ministers in 1992. |
| Date: | 2023–12–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfscr:2023/382&r=env |
| By: | Dean Hyslop (Motu Economic and Public Policy Research); Trinh Le (Motu Economic and Public Policy Research); David Maré (Motu Economic and Public Policy Research); Lynn Riggs (Motu Economic and Public Policy Research); Nic Watson (Motu Economic and Public Policy Research) |
| Abstract: | Climate models indicate that New Zealand’s farms will be increasingly exposed to adverse climate events in the future. In this study, we empirically investigate drought impacts on farm enterprises by linking financial, agricultural and productivity data from Statistics New Zealand’s Longitudinal Business Database (LBD) with historical weather data from NIWA. Our sample consists of an unbalanced panel of over 67, 000 observations of livestock farm enterprises between 2002 and 2012. We run a set of panel regressions with time and farm fixed effects to estimate the effect of changes in drought intensity on gross output, profit per hectare, current loans and intermediate expenditure of dairy and sheep-beef farms. To explore factors of resilience to droughts, we also examine how the estimates change with different farm characteristics. Most (but not all) of the estimated drought effects are significant, consistent across various specifications and of the expected sign. However, we have limited success in conclusively identifying farm characteristics that affect drought outcomes in our data. |
| Keywords: | price elasticities, transport demand vehicle kilometres travelled, fuel usage |
| JEL: | D12 R22 |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mtu:wpaper:23_10&r=env |
| By: | Seghir Zerguini; Simon Gorecki (IMS - Laboratoire de l'intégration, du matériau au système - UB - Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 - Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Nathalie Gaussier (IMS - Laboratoire de l'intégration, du matériau au système - UB - Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 - Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | Simulation des effets systémiques de deux mesures climatiques inédites et contraignantes sur l'aire urbaine de Bordeaux : La suppression des logements énergivores à la location et la mise en œuvre des ZFE-M Zones Faibles Emissions – Mobilité |
| Date: | 2023–06–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04326932&r=env |
| By: | Annika Seiler (Center for Global Development); Hannah Brown (Center for Global Development); Samuel Matthews (Center for Global Development) |
| Abstract: | The Just Energy Transition Partnerships (JETPs) are a novel approach to intensifying ongoing efforts toward carbon neutrality, combining country-led strategies to decarbonize the energy sector and addressing development priorities resulting from the ensuing structural transformation with focused, long-term, and plurilateral partnerships. The launches of the $8.5 billion JETP for South Africa in 2021 and the $20.0 billion JETP for Indonesia in 2022 provide momentum for this effort. However, the legacies of coal-based power and modest renewable energy deployment in both countries present key challenges in the areas of political economy, policy alignment, finance, and supply chain development. This paper consolidates available information about these two JETPs and analyzes the approaches taken by South Africa and Indonesia, with the aim of providing a thought framework for these JETPs. It seeks to identify risks and gaps that could obstruct these JETPs’ advancement and to assess whether these JETPs can serve as blueprints for other countries looking to accelerate their move away from coal. Further, this paper highlights complementary action that could enhance the effectiveness of these JETPs and guide the development of similar partnerships in the future. The paper finds that while the JETPs for South Africa and Indonesia appear to deliver a blueprint for moving away from coal in their respective contexts, barriers, risks, and gaps call into question whether the targets can be delivered at the planned pace and scale. |
| Date: | 2023–07–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cgd:ppaper:302&r=env |
| By: | Andrew Wainer (Independent consultant) |
| Abstract: | In 2022, as part of the IMF’s recent efforts to re-channel Special Drawing Rights, it created the Resilience and Sustainability Trust (RST), facilitating the transfer of concessional finance from high- to lower-income countries for climate resilience and pandemic preparedness. It is the first new such facility following the polycrises of the early 2020s. Demand for the RST is strong and learning from its pilots can inform how future RST financing can be used most effectively. This research provides case studies of two RST pilots: Costa Rica and Rwanda. Lessons from the pilots are not only relevant for future RST recipients. The RST is operational, and therefore, uniquely worthy of analysis in terms of how additional financing—above and beyond the RST—can be effectively integrated. Our analysis finds that the RST is becoming the IMF’s de facto climate finance facility; is government-driven; is being awarded to countries with strong governance and climate credentials; and that authorities are banking on using the RST to attract additional climate finance. At the same time, the RST faces the challenges of being too small to confront climate resilience; has questionable priorities in terms of supporting climate over poverty reduction in low-income countries; is almost tripling the number of IMF program conditions some countries are facing; and is escalating IMF policy influence over governments in an area where the IMF has limited experiences. |
| Date: | 2023–07–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cgd:ppaper:301&r=env |
| By: | Schlund, David (Energiewirtschaftliches Institut an der Universitaet zu Koeln (EWI)) |
| Abstract: | The introduction of clean hydrogen as a future energy commodity has prompted significant interest in developing dedicated transportation and storage infrastructures as an enabler for cross-border hydrogen trade and cost-efficient supply. This paper addresses the complex challenges associated with the development of a European hydrogen infrastructure within the existing natural gas network while maintaining the security of supply for natural gas. Through an extension of an existing dispatch model for European natural gas supply and transportation by endogenous investments in hydrogen production, transportation, and storage infrastructure, a comprehensive analysis of the interplay between natural gas and hydrogen supply becomes accessible. The new model is formulated as a mixed-integer linear program in order to explicitly consider the binary decision of repurposing natural gas pipelines. The results offer insights into the cost-efficient strategic planning of a European hydrogen network by simulating a range of scenarios with varying economic and technical constraints. The case study finds a dominant role of the availability of renewable energy sources in shaping the network. Also, providing flexibility through flexible imports, production, or hydrogen storage becomes an essential element in a future hydrogen supply chain. The interconnection of all European countries with dedicated hydrogen pipelines is robust across all scenarios. However, the sizing and choice of large import pipelines strongly depend on the assumed techno-economic constraints. |
| Keywords: | hydrogen economics; hydrogen infrastructure; hydrogen storage; hydrogen trade; strategic energy planning; mixed-integer linear program |
| JEL: | C61 L95 M20 Q41 Q42 Q48 |
| Date: | 2023–12–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:ewikln:2023_008&r=env |
| By: | Zinke, Jonas (Energiewirtschaftliches Institut an der Universitaet zu Koeln (EWI)) |
| Abstract: | As redispatch costs and their associated distributional impacts continue to rise, the discussion on reconfiguring bidding zones in European power markets persists. However, determining an appropriate bidding zone configuration is a non-trivial task, as it must prove beneficial under varying weather conditions, load situations, and an uncertain future, essentially necessitating persistent benefits. This paper uses the German-Luxembourg market area as an example to investigate the impact of uncertain factors, such as short-term weather patterns and long-term system changes, on the potential reduction of redispatch costs resulting from a two-zone split. Employing hierarchical clustering on hourly time series of Locational Marginal Prices for multiple historical weather and future scenario years, the paper derives bidding zone splits and assesses their robustness regarding redispatch cost reduction. Sensitivities to uncertain factors such as grid and renewable expansion, demand development, and fuel prices are investigated. The results indicate that a north-south split of the German-Luxembourg market area can robustly reduce redispatch costs.The impact on the reduction potential of yearly weather fluctuations is limited, owing to the structural nature of grid bottlenecks. However, the long-term transformations within the powersystem, coupled with their associated uncertainties, can significantly diminish the potential forcost reduction through a bidding zonesplit. |
| Keywords: | Market Design; Bidding Zone Review; Electricity Markets; Nodal Pricing; Energy System Modeling; Renewable Energies |
| JEL: | C61 D47 Q40 Q48 |
| Date: | 2023–12–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:ewikln:2023_007&r=env |
| By: | Ranil Dissanayake (Center for Global Development); Bernat Camps (Center for Global Development) |
| Abstract: | Pull financing is a powerful but underused mechanism for incentivising progress on hard-to-tackle social problems for which innovation or the take-up of innovation may be part of the solution. It should become part of the ongoing landscape for climate and development work. This paper sets out the specific design features for a portfolio of pull financing mechanisms to support the accelerated development of socially valuable innovations with both climate and development implications. It considers the institutional structure required to manage such a novel mechanism, a process for finding and developing a potential application, and the objectives pull financing should pursue. It then looks in detail at seven applications of pull financing in the climate and development space, each selected to illustrate the potential and challenges of the approach. We conclude by setting out how to construct a high-ambition portfolio of pull financing projects that is both tractable and attractive to potential funders. |
| Date: | 2022–11–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cgd:ppaper:273&r=env |
| By: | Sanjeev Gupta (Center for Global Development); Hannah Brown (Center for Global Development) |
| Abstract: | This paper provides an early assessment of five initial programs supported by the IMF’s new facility supported by the Resilience and Sustainability Trust to address two long-term challenges, climate change and pandemic preparedness. We find that its operations can be strengthened to better achieve the underlying objectives. They include: paying greater attention to depth of program measures; ensuring that the overall number of program conditions are not excessive to unduly strain the capacity of countries; better coordinating program support with the provision of diagnostics by international financial institutions identifying reform measures to be included in the program; reporting the share of climate-related investment in total investment in countries receiving support from the new facility; and including measures to prepare for pandemics in the subsequent programs. |
| Date: | 2023–03–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cgd:ppaper:289&r=env |
| By: | O'Brien, Thomas J. |
| Abstract: | In partnership with the Southern California Regional Transit Training Consortium (SCRTTC), the California State University at Long Beach (CSULB) expanded potential audiences and offered program support for the Electric Vehicle Transit Bus High Voltage Safety Awareness class, which was previously developed under the National Center for Sustainable Transportation (NCST). CSULB expanded both the number of online offerings and the geographic reach by opening the class to transit agencies and campus fleet operators within the NCST network. The course was designed to enhance a technician's basic electrical skills and 2-circuit diagnosis, while teaching students how to work with a Digital Volt-Ohm Meter (DVOM). The effort supports the broader goal of building the workforce needed to support the transition to alternative energy and zero emission bus fleets. View the NCST Project Webpage |
| Keywords: | Education, Engineering, Transit, Online training, Workforce Development, Zero emission |
| Date: | 2023–12–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:itsdav:qt44r461q0&r=env |
| By: | PEREZ ARRIBAS Zahara (European Commission - JRC); VIDAL ABARCA GARRIDO Candela; WOLF Oliver (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | On 2 May 2018, the EU Ecolabel criteria for ‘indoor cleaning services’ were established in Commission Decision 2018/680, within the scheme of the EU Ecolabel Regulation (Regulation (EC) No 66/2010). This User Manual (UM) is a practical tool that summarises the steps to be followed by EU Ecolabel applicants in order to verify the compliance with the abovementioned Commission Decision. More concretely, this manuscript supports the interpretation of the EU Ecolabel criteria for ‘indoor cleaning services’, and provides a good and up-to-date overview of the existent legislation and initiatives behind each EU Ecolabel criterion. This document also gives practical explanation on how to assess and verify the compliance check. The UM aims to optimise the time and ease the procedures of all the actors involved in the application stage by improving the technical understanding of sustainable product policy among intended audience (external stakeholders) and boost the number of certified indoor cleaning services products. |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc133323&r=env |
| By: | Gilles Lepesant (GC (UMR_8504) - Géographie-cités - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UPCité - Université Paris Cité, CMB - Centre Marc Bloch - MEAE - Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères - Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung - M.E.N.E.S.R. - Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Keywords: | energy, Germany, Industry |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-04009197&r=env |
| By: | Lim, Soyoung (Korea Institute for Industrial Economics and Trade) |
| Abstract: | However, the global economy is in the midst of a polycrisis. Major issues in every sector worldwide have prompted a paradigm shift in industrial ODA. In calling for an adjustment to this new paradigm, this report outlines an updated industrial ODA strategy: Industrial ODA 2.0. The Korean Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (MOTIE) has announced plans to reform its industrial ODA programs to emphasize supply-chain, green, and technological ODA. These different areas of industrial ODA should be combined to enable developing countries to better deal with the global polycrisis, and also to strengthen the resilience of their industries and trade. The Korean government should expressly include supply-chain and trade ODA in its country partnership strategies (CPS). A system needs to be established in the long run to ensure effective performance management, monitoring, and evaluation in industrial ODA. The Korean government also needs to actively cooperate with the private sector to seize and develop new ODA opportunities, expand the Korean ODA ecosystem, and maximize the intended effects of its ODA activities. |
| Keywords: | Official Development Assistance; ODA; industrial ODA; sustainable development; industrial development; strategic ODA; Korea |
| JEL: | F53 F55 H77 H81 H87 O14 O25 |
| Date: | 2023–09–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:kietia:2023_002&r=env |
| By: | PEREZ ARRIBAS Zahara (European Commission - JRC); VIDAL ABARCA GARRIDO Candela; WOLF Oliver (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | On 25 January 2017, the EU Ecolabel criteria for ‘Tourist accommodation’ were established in Commission Decision 2017/175, within the scheme of the EU Ecolabel Regulation (Regulation (EC) No 66/2010). This User Manual (UM) is a practical tool that summarises the steps to be followed by EU Ecolabel applicants in order to verify the compliance with the abovementioned Commission Decision. More concretely, this manuscript supports the interpretation of the EU Ecolabel criteria for ‘Tourist accommodation’, and provides a good and up-to-date overview of the existent legislation and initiatives behind each EU Ecolabel criterion. This document also gives practical explanation on how to assess and verify the compliance check. The UM aims to optimise the time and ease the procedures of all the actors involved in the application stage by improving the technical understanding of sustainable product policy among intended audience (external stakeholders) and boost the number of certified tourist accommodation services products. |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc133332&r=env |
| By: | Jeong, Minhyeon (KOREA INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY (KIEP)); Jeong, Dongyeon (KOREA INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY (KIEP)); Min, Jiyoung (KOREA INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY (KIEP)); Kang, Boogyun (KOREA INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY (KIEP)) |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this research is to derive the future directions of the cooperation between Korea and Central Asia under the global uncertainty that is deepening with the competition and confrontation of major powers that cannot be easily resolved, and as the strategic value of economic security increases. In the situation where the sanctions against the Russian economy are expected to be prolonged, the geographical value of Central Asia, which connects Russia and Europe, becomes more prominent. In addition, given the rich natural resources and relatively young population structure of Central Asia, expanding cooperation with Central Asia has even more significant implications. In this study, we classified the five Central Asian countries into three middle-income countries (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan) and two low-income countries (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan) based on the similarities and differences revealed in the structural characteristics of each country's economy and the level of development. According to this classification, we analyzed the direction of cooperation in the digital, climate change, and health and medical sectors, which are currently in high demand for cooperation. |
| Keywords: | Korea-Central Asia cooperation; supply chain; digital transformation; climate change; health and medical |
| Date: | 2023–12–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:kiepwe:2023_044&r=env |
| By: | Thierry Grosdidier (LEM3 - Laboratoire d'Etude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux - UL - Université de Lorraine - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies - HESAM - HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université); Antoine Guitton; Thomas Gries |
| Abstract: | Transition énergétique : les matériaux métalliques pour la filière hydrogène. Genèse d'un projet de club étudiants / chercheurs du programme ORION |
| Date: | 2023–06–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04326820&r=env |
| By: | Listo, Ariel; Saberian, Soodeh; Thivierge, Vincent |
| Abstract: | De Haas and Popov (2023) estimate the effect of country-level financial sector size and structure on decarbonization to show that countries with relatively more equity versus debt financing have more emission-efficient economies. We uncover multiple coding errors that change the magnitude and the precision of the coefficients of interest. These coding errors include misreporting of standard errors, and misspecifying generalized method of moments (GMM) estimators. We further provide robustness tests of the results to (1) restricting the sample to consistent sets of countries across the country and country-byindustry samples, and (2) using a limited information maximum likelihood (LIML) estimator to address a weak-instrument problem. We find that the results from the robustness checks are qualitatively different from the original results but similar to the corrected results. |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:i4rdps:95&r=env |
| By: | Gordon Rausser; Galina Chebotareva; Wadim Strielkowski; Lubos Smutka |
| Abstract: | This paper explores the critical question of the sustainability of Russian solar energy initiatives in the absence of governmental financial support. The study aims to determine if Russian energy companies can maintain operations in the solar energy sector without relying on direct state subsidies. Methodologically, the analysis utilizes established investment metrics such as Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Discounted Payback Period (DPP), tailored to reflect the unique technical and economic aspects of Russian solar energy facilities and to evaluate the influence of sector-specific risks on project efficiency, using a rating approach. We examined eleven solar energy projects under ten different scenarios to understand the dynamics of direct state support, exploring variations in support cessation, reductions in financial assistance, and the projects' resilience to external risk factors. Our multi-criteria scenario assessment indicates that, under the prevailing market conditions, the Russian solar energy sector is not yet equipped to operate efficiently without ongoing state financial subsidies. Interestingly, our findings also suggest that the solar energy sector in Russia has a greater potential to reduce its dependence on state support compared to the wind energy sector. Based on these insights, we propose energy policy recommendations aimed at gradually minimizing direct government funding in the Russian renewable energy market. This strategy is designed to foster self-sufficiency and growth in the solar energy sector. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2312.07240&r=env |
| By: | Tamás Hajdu (Centre for Economic and Regional Studies); Gábor Kertesi (Centre for Economic and Regional Studies); Bence Szabó (Centre for Economic and Regional Studies, Corvinus University of Budapest) |
| Abstract: | This study uses linked administrative data on live births, hospital stays, and census records for children born in Hungary between 2006 and 2011 to examine the relationship between poor housing quality and the health of newborns and children aged 1-2 years. We show that poor housing quality, defined as lack of access to basic sanitation and exposure to polluting heating, is not a negligible problem even in a high-income EU country like Hungary. This is particularly the case for disadvantaged children, 20-25% of whom live in extremely poorquality homes. Next, we provide evidence that poor housing quality is strongly associated with lower health at birth and a higher number of days spent in inpatient care at the age of 1-2 years. These results indicate that lack of access to basic sanitation, hygiene, and nonpolluting heating and their health impacts cannot be considered as the exclusive problem for low- and middle-income countries. In high-income countries, there is also a need for public policy programs that identify those affected by poor housing quality and offer them potential solutions to reduce the adverse effects on their health. |
| Keywords: | Keywords: health at birth, early childhood health, housing quality, basic sanitation, indoor air pollution |
| JEL: | I10 I14 J13 Q53 |
| Date: | 2023–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:has:discpr:2328&r=env |
| By: | Solange Hernandez (AMU IMPGT - Institut de management public et de gouvernance territoriale - AMU - Aix Marseille Université, CERGAM - Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - UTLN - Université de Toulon, AMU - Aix Marseille Université); Bruno Tiberghien (AMU IMPGT - Institut de management public et de gouvernance territoriale - AMU - Aix Marseille Université, CERGAM - Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - UTLN - Université de Toulon, AMU - Aix Marseille Université); Jossou Markolf (CERGAM - Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - UTLN - Université de Toulon) |
| Keywords: | Tourisme, Tourisme durable, Résilience, Résilience des Territoires, Risques, Catastrophes naturelles, Label, Territoire, Management territorial |
| Date: | 2023–06–22 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04329994&r=env |
| By: | Saeri, Alexander K; O'Connor, Ruby |
| Abstract: | This playbook, written by researchers at Monash University, is a practical guide for academic AI experts to help them apply artificial intelligence (AI) tools and techniques to complex challenges in policy and sustainability. It includes a five step guide: (1) Finding and working with partners (2) Understanding the problem (3) Assessing fit and selecting an AI approach (4) Design and validation of AI tool(s) (5) Embedding the AI tool in practice. It also provides a simple introduction to policy, sustainability & sustainable development, and the current evidence on the promise & reality of applying AI to these challenges. As part of the attached OSF project, templates are provided to plan and conduct partner workshops and propose collaborative pilot projects. |
| Date: | 2023–12–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:y75rq&r=env |
| By: | Julien De Benedittis (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE - École des Mines de Saint-Étienne - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], COACTIS - COnception de l'ACTIon en Situation - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - UJM - Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne, FAYOL-ENSMSE - Institut Henri Fayol - Mines Saint-Étienne MSE - École des Mines de Saint-Étienne - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], FAYOL-ENSMSE - Département Management responsable et innovation - ENSM ST-ETIENNE - Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de St Etienne - Institut Henri Fayol); Nadine Dubruc (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE - École des Mines de Saint-Étienne - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], COACTIS - COnception de l'ACTIon en Situation - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - UJM - Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne, FAYOL-ENSMSE - Institut Henri Fayol - Mines Saint-Étienne MSE - École des Mines de Saint-Étienne - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], FAYOL-ENSMSE - Département Management responsable et innovation - ENSM ST-ETIENNE - Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de St Etienne - Institut Henri Fayol); Michelle Mongo (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE - École des Mines de Saint-Étienne - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], COACTIS - COnception de l'ACTIon en Situation - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - UJM - Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne, FAYOL-ENSMSE - Institut Henri Fayol - Mines Saint-Étienne MSE - École des Mines de Saint-Étienne - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], FAYOL-ENSMSE - Département Management responsable et innovation - ENSM ST-ETIENNE - Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de St Etienne - Institut Henri Fayol); Sophie Peillon (FAYOL-ENSMSE - Département Management responsable et innovation - ENSM ST-ETIENNE - Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de St Etienne - Institut Henri Fayol, Mines Saint-Étienne MSE - École des Mines de Saint-Étienne - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], COACTIS - COnception de l'ACTIon en Situation - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - UJM - Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne, FAYOL-ENSMSE - Institut Henri Fayol - Mines Saint-Étienne MSE - École des Mines de Saint-Étienne - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]) |
| Abstract: | Dans un monde de plus en plus connecté, où les entreprises s'appuient sur la technologie pour prospérer, la question de la sobriété numérique émerge comme un impératif incontournable. Les avancées technologiques ont révolutionné nos modes de travail, de communication et de consommation, mais elles ont également entraîné une dépendance croissante envers les ressources numériques dont l'empreinte environnementale est grandissante. Face à ces défis, certaines entreprises réfléchissent sérieusement à leur impact et ont pris des mesures concrètes pour réduire leur empreinte carbone numérique. La sobriété numérique, c'est l'art d'utiliser la technologie de manière responsable, en minimisant sa consommation énergétique, en réduisant la production de déchets électroniques et en préservant nos ressources naturelles. Ce guide a été conçu pour aider chefs et cadres d'entreprises à naviguer dans cet environnement numérique complexe tout en adoptant des pratiques plus durables. |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:emse-04322652&r=env |
| By: | Shamsia Pithon (CHEMBIOPRO - Chimie et Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels - UR - Université de La Réunion); Mahery Andriamanantena (CHEMBIOPRO - Chimie et Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels - UR - Université de La Réunion); Christophe Lavergne; Dijoux Manon (CHEMBIOPRO - Chimie et Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels - UR - Université de La Réunion); Yanis Caro (CHEMBIOPRO - Chimie et Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels - UR - Université de La Réunion); Thomas Petit (CHEMBIOPRO - Chimie et Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels - UR - Université de La Réunion) |
| Abstract: | Criblage de la biodiversité des plantes tinctoriales de l'île de la Réunion pour des applications en coloration industrielle |
| Date: | 2023–06–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04326670&r=env |