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on Environmental Economics |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Climate Change Economics Transport Economics Policy and Planning Science and Technology Development - Science of Climate Change Environmental Economics and Policies Transport |
| Date: | 2013–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:17549&r=env |
| By: | World Bank; International Cryosphere Climate Initiative |
| Keywords: | Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Water Resources - Water Resources Assessment Environment - Coastal and Marine Environment Environment - Global Environment Facility Science and Technology Development - Science of Climate Change |
| Date: | 2013–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:16628&r=env |
| By: | Vivien Foster; Daron Bedrosyan |
| Keywords: | Energy-Energy Production and Transportation Energy-Energy and Environment Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Environment-Environment and Energy Efficiency Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Climate Change Economics |
| Date: | 2014–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:17143&r=env |
| By: | Jan C. Fransoo |
| Keywords: | Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Climate Change Economics Transport Economics Policy and Planning Energy - Energy and Environment Environmental Economics and Policies Transport |
| Date: | 2014–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:17820&r=env |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Energy-Energy Demand Energy-Energy Production and Transportation Energy-Energy and Environment Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Macroeconomics and Economic Growth-Climate Change Economics |
| Date: | 2013 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:17148&r=env |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Climate Change Economics Economic Theory and Research Energy - Energy Production and Transportation Environmental Economics and Policies |
| Date: | 2014–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:17799&r=env |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Climate Change Economics Environment - Carbon Policy and Trading Environment - Environment and Energy Efficiency Energy - Energy and Environment |
| Date: | 2012–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:17066&r=env |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Water Resources - Wetlands Environment - Climate Change and Environment Environment - Wildlife Resources Rural Development - Forestry |
| Date: | 2014–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:17570&r=env |
| By: | Gabriela Elizondo Azuela; Luiz Barroso; Gabriel Cunha |
| Keywords: | Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Climate Change Economics Infrastructure Economics and Finance - Infrastructure Economics Environment - Carbon Policy and Trading Energy - Energy Production and Transportation |
| Date: | 2014–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:18675&r=env |
| By: | Yue-Jun Zhang; Ya-Bin Da |
| Abstract: | In order to investigate the main drivers of CO2 emissions changes in China during the 11th Five-Year Plan period (2006-2010) and seek the main ways to reduce CO2 emissions, we decompose the changes of energy-related CO2 emissions using the production-theoretical decomposition analysis (PDA) approach. The results indicate that, first, economic growth and energy consumption are the two main drivers of CO2 emissions increase during the sample period; particularly in the northern coastal, northwest and central regions, where tremendous coal resources are consumed, the driving effect of their energy consumption on CO2 emissions appears fairly evident. Second, the improvement of carbon abatement technology and the reduction of energy intensity play significant roles in curbing carbon emissions, and comparatively the effect of carbon abatement technology proves more significant. Third, energy use technical efficiency, energy use technology and carbon abatement technical efficiency have only slight influence on CO2 emissions overall. In the end, we put forward some policy recommendations for China's government to reduce CO2 emissions intensity in the future. |
| Keywords: | CO2 emissions, PDA, distance functions, environmental DEA |
| JEL: | Q40 |
| Date: | 2013–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:biw:wpaper:45&r=env |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Science and Technology Development - Science of Climate Change Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Climate Change Economics Environment - Adaptation to Climate Change Rural Development - Common Property Resource Development |
| Date: | 2013–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:16543&r=env |
| By: | Eduardo Assad; Hilton S. Pinto; Andre Nassar; Leila Harfuch; Saulo Freitas; Barbara Farinelli; Mark Lundell; Erick C.M. Fernandes |
| Keywords: | Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Water Resources - Wetlands Agriculture - Climate Change and Agriculture Science and Technology Development - Science of Climate Change Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Climate Change Economics |
| Date: | 2013 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:18740&r=env |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Rural Development - Common Property Resource Development Science and Technology Development - Science of Climate Change Environment - Adaptation to Climate Change Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Climate Change Economics |
| Date: | 2013–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:16525&r=env |
| By: | Chris Sall |
| Keywords: | Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Water Resources - Wetlands Water Supply and Sanitation - Water Supply and Sanitation Governance and Institutions Science and Technology Development - Science of Climate Change Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Climate Change Economics |
| Date: | 2013–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:17558&r=env |
| By: | Asian Development Bank (ADB); (Southeast Asia Department, ADB); ; |
| Abstract: | This report presents the outputs of the Climate Change Impact and Adaptation Study in the Mekong Delta. The study focuses on vulnerability assessment of two provinces in the Mekong Delta region: Ca Mau and Kien Giang. Using climate change modeling, socioeconomic data, geographic information system analysis, and expert opinion, the study identifies future climate conditions and assesses the effects of future climate scenarios on the natural, social, and economic systems of each district of Ca Mau and Kien Giang provinces. It provides provides province and district policy makers with an understanding of the key areas of vulnerability and risk hot spots with regard to climate change up to 2050. It provides practical measures that provincial and district administrations can take to inform and strengthen their climate change adaptation programs. |
| Keywords: | vietnam, ca mau province, kien giang province, mekong delta, climate hazards, climate change adaptation, agriculture and natural resources, energy and transport, environmental sustainability. GHG emissions, sea level rise, extreme climate, climate-proofing |
| Date: | 2013–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:asd:wpaper:rpt135841-2&r=env |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Water Resources - Wetlands Environment - Coastal and Marine Environment Science and Technology Development - Science of Climate Change Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Climate Change Economics |
| Date: | 2013–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:16986&r=env |
| By: | Gawel, Erik |
| Abstract: | For years, humans have been trying to stabilize the world's environment by lowering the amount of greenhouse gases that their societies pump into the air. In 1992, this approach was even incorporated into the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. But because this strategy failed to produce the desired results so far, technology-based processes designed to save the environment have emerged as a popular new weapon in the climate-protection arsenal. The question is: Are such climate-engineering efforts a viable environmental policy option? And can they serve, at the very least, as the ultima ratio if all other efforts to stave off climate change fail? -- |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:ufzdps:162014&r=env |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Science and Technology Development - Science of Climate Change Geographical Information Systems Environment - Global Environment Facility Environment - Climate Change Impacts |
| Date: | 2013–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:16501&r=env |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Crops and Crop Management Systems Agriculture - Agricultural Research Agriculture - Climate Change and Agriculture Environmental Economics and Policies Agriculture - Agribusiness Environment |
| Date: | 2013–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:16669&r=env |
| By: | Marcelino Madrigal; Rhonda Lenai Jordan |
| Keywords: | Energy-Energy Production and Transportation Energy-Energy and Environment Energy-Power & Energy Conversion Environment-Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Environment-Environment and Energy Efficiency |
| Date: | 2014–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:17139&r=env |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Health Monitoring and Evaluation Water Supply and Sanitation - Water Supply and Sanitation Governance and Institutions Science and Technology Development - Science of Climate Change Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Climate Change Economics Health, Nutrition and Population |
| Date: | 2013–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:17550&r=env |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Climate Change Economics Environment - Natural Disasters Urban Development - Hazard Risk Management Science and Technology Development - Science of Climate Change |
| Date: | 2013–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:16761&r=env |
| By: | Lecuyer, Oskar; Vogt-Schilb, Adrien |
| Abstract: | This paper studies the optimal transition from existing coal power plants to gas and renewable power under a carbon budget. It solves a model of polluting, exhaustible resources with capacity constraints and adjustment costs (to build coal, gas, and renewable power plants). It finds that optimal investment in renewable energy may start before coal power has been phased out and even before investment in gas has started, because doing so allows for smoothing investment over time and reduces adjustment costs. Gas plants may be used to reduce short-term investment in renewable power and associated costs, but must eventually be phased out to allow room for carbon-free power. One risk for myopic agents comparing gas and renewable investment is thus to overestimate the lifetime of gas plants -- e.g., when computing the levelized cost of electricity -- and be biased against renewable power. These analytical results are quantified with numerical simulations of the European Commission's 2050 energy roadmap. |
| Keywords: | Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases,Energy Production and Transportation,Carbon Policy and Trading,Environment and Energy Efficiency,Energy and Environment |
| Date: | 2014–07–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:6985&r=env |
| By: | Artur Kochnakyan; Sunil Kumar Khosla; Iskander Buranov; Kathrin Hofer; Denzel Hankinson; Joshua Finn |
| Keywords: | Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Climate Change Economics Energy - Energy Production and Transportation Environment - Environment and Energy Efficiency Energy - Energy and Environment |
| Date: | 2013–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:17596&r=env |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Climate Change Economics Transport Economics Policy and Planning Energy - Energy Production and Transportation Science and Technology Development - Science of Climate Change Transport |
| Date: | 2014–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:17573&r=env |
| By: | Richard Tol (Department of Economics, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom; Institute for Environmental Studies and Department of Spatial Economic, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; CESifo, Munich, Germany) |
| Abstract: | I estimate the cost of meeting the EU 2030 targets for greenhouse gas emission reduction, using statistical emulators of ten alternative models. Assuming a first-best policy implementation, I find that total and marginal costs are modest. The statistical emulators allow me to compute the risk premiums, which are small because the EU is rich and the policy impact is small. The ensemble of ten models allows me to compute the ambiguity premium, which is small for the same reason. I construct a counterfactual estimate of recent emissions without climate policy, and use that test the predictive skill of the ten models. The models that show the lowest cost of emission reduction also have the lowest skill. |
| Keywords: | Climate policy, European Union, carbon price, forecast skill, uncertainty |
| JEL: | Q54 |
| Date: | 2014–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sus:susewp:7114&r=env |
| By: | Ke Wang; Shiwei Yu; Mo-Jie Li; Yi-Ming Wei (Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research (CEEP), Beijing Institute of Technology) |
| Abstract: | This study evaluates the environmental efficiency of industrial sectors of Chinese major cities. The Multi-directional efficiency analysis (MEA) approach are utilized for evaluation, thus both the integrated MEA efficiency levels and the efficiency patterns, which are represented by the variable specific MEA efficiency according to each type of the industrial pollutant emission or discharge, of Chinese major city are detected. In addition the industrial energy conservation and pollutant reduction potentials are measured and the relationship between environmental pressure and income are explored at the regional level of China. The main findings include: (i) The MEA environmental efficiency increases of the economic less developed cities were faster than the cities in the well-developed region, which indicates that the inequitable nationwide industrial developments of Chinese cities have started to alleviate. (ii) Although some Chinese cities show similar environmental efficiency levels, the undesirable output variable specific efficiency patterns of these cities are diversified, and according to the variable specific efficiency, the most possible efficiency increase potential of each Chinese major city can be identified. (iii) An N-shaped Environmental Kuznets Curve exists in the industrial sectors of Chinese major cities. (iv) Different Chinese cities should have different industrial pollutant reduction priorities, which east China cities should pay more attention on their industrial waste gas emissions and industrial waste water discharges, while west China cities should mainly focus on their industrial soot and dust emissions, and solid waste discharges. |
| Keywords: | Environmental performance,Industrial sector,Pollutant reduction potential,Multi-directional Efficiency Analysis (MEA) |
| JEL: | Q58 C61 |
| Date: | 2013–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:biw:wpaper:47&r=env |
| By: | Sudeshna Ghosh Banerjee; Elisa Portale |
| Keywords: | Energy - Energy Production and Transportation Energy - Energy and Environment Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Environment - Environment and Energy Efficiency Science and Technology Development - Engineering |
| Date: | 2014–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:18413&r=env |
| By: | André Luis Squarize Chagas; Luiza Cardoso de Andrade |
| Abstract: | Currently, the Brazilian Legal Amazon (BLA) represents the agricultural frontier of Brazil and concentrates the deforestation processes. A recurrent discussion involves what to do to reduce the deforestation process. A compensation to no-deforestation is a way to this, but involves an opportunity cost for agents in BLA, represented by the expected cash flow that these agents are expected to lose by not using the land for agricultural production in the future. The expectation formation process is uncertain, but the occupation in Brazil’s Midwest, a region near the BLA, in the 1970s can provide a proxy value. We use the stochastic frontiers method to compare both regions and conclude that the actual production mode in the BLA is very similar to that in the Midwest in the past. Thus, we take the production function estimate to project the future income flow for this region. The results show that producers in the BLA region can expect a 9% to 13% increase in average annual income over the next forty years, depending on the discount rate of the cash flow |
| Keywords: | Environmental preservation; climate change; land use; Brazilian Legal Amazon; deforestation |
| JEL: | Q51 Q56 R14 |
| Date: | 2014–07–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:spa:wpaper:2014wpecon12&r=env |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Water Supply and Sanitation - Wastewater Treatment Environmental Economics and Policies Private Sector Development - E-Business Mining and Extractive Industry (Non-Energy) Water Supply and Sanitation - Sanitation and Sewerage Industry Environment |
| Date: | 2014–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:18957&r=env |
| By: | Daniel Murphy; Arsh Sharma |
| Keywords: | Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Climate Change Economics Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Markets and Market Access Energy - Energy Production and Transportation Energy - Energy Demand |
| Date: | 2014–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:18681&r=env |
| By: | Mikul Bhatia; Nicolina Angelou |
| Keywords: | Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Energy - Energy Demand Science and Technology Development - Engineering Power and Energy Conversion Energy - Energy Production and Transportation |
| Date: | 2014–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:18677&r=env |
| By: | Hao Yu; Bing Wang; Yue-Jun Zhang; Yi-Ming Wei (Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research (CEEP), Beijing Institute of Technology) |
| Abstract: | Based on the questionnaire survey, this paper analyzes China's public perception of climate change in terms of several influence factors and some empirical findings are obtained. We find that some respondents are willing to take individual actions to address climate change, and they pay more attention to climate change or approve that climate change does harm to residents and society; meanwhile, they tend to have confidence in the government to deal with climate change or believe that fiscal and taxation policies are the effective policy measures. However there are also other respondents unwilling to take actions and argue that climate change proves the natural consequences. Thus, in order to motivate the public to take actions, the paper suggests that the government should widespread disseminate relevant knowledge about climate change to the public and guide the work to address climate change and adopt proper fiscal and taxation policies. |
| Keywords: | Public perception, Climate change, Questionnaire survey, Individual actions |
| JEL: | Q54 C83 |
| Date: | 2013–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:biw:wpaper:42&r=env |
| By: | Dudu, Hasan (EC JRC-JRC IPTS, Sevilla, Spain); Çakmak, Erol Hasan (TED University, Department of Economics, Ankara, Turkey) |
| Abstract: | This study quantifies the economic effects of climate change on Turkey. We use an integrated framework that combines a static regional and a dynamic national economy-wide model with a crop water requirement model. Results suggest that the economic effects of climate change will not be significant until late 2030s. This provides Turkey an excellent opportunity to design and implement appropriate adaptation policies. The impact varies across regions. Agriculture and food production will be heavily affected, and irrigated production will decline as water stress increases. Together, this causes significant decline in agricultural production and national welfare. Part of agriculture’s decline is compensated by imports, thus deteriorating Turkey’s food trade balance. |
| Keywords: | Computable general equilibrium, climate change, agriculture, productivity |
| JEL: | C68 D24 Q1 Q54 |
| Date: | 2013 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eyd:cp2013:310&r=env |
| By: | Thomas Allen (Bioversity International); Paolo PROSPERI (Marchés, Organisations, Institutions et Stratégies d'Acteurs, INRA; Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes; University of Catania); Bruce Cogill (Bioversity International); Guillermo Flichman (Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes) |
| Abstract: | The stark observation of the co-existence of undernourishment, nutrient deficiencies and overweight and obesity, the triple burden of malnutrition, is inviting us to reconsider health and nutrition as the primary goal and final endpoint of food systems. Agriculture and the food industry have made remarkable advances in the past decades. However, their development has not entirely fulfilled health and nutritional needs, and moreover, they have generated substantial collateral losses in agricultural biodiversity. Simultaneously, several regions are experiencing unprecedented weather events caused by climate change and habitat depletion, in turn putting at risk global food and nutrition security. This coincidence of food crises with increasing environmental degradation suggests an urgent need for novel analyses and new paradigms. The sustainable diets concept proposes a research and policy agenda that strives towards a sustainable use of human and natural resources for food and nutrition security, highlighting the preeminent role of consumers in defining sustainable options and the importance of biodiversity in nutrition. Food systems act as complex social–ecological systems, involving multiple interactions between human and natural components. Nutritional patterns and environment structure are interconnected in a mutual dynamic of changes. The systemic nature of these interactions calls for multidimensional approaches and integrated assessment and simulation tools to guide change. This paper proposes a review and conceptual modelling framework that articulate the synergies and tradeoffs between dietary diversity, widely recognised as key for healthy diets, and agricultural biodiversity and associated ecosystem functions, crucial resilience factors to climate and global changes. |
| Keywords: | food security, sustainable development, nutrition-sensitive agriculture, dietary diversity, food policy, integrated assessment, bio-economic modelling, sécurité alimentaire, développement durable, biodiversitépolitique alimentaire, évaluation intégrée, modélisationsystème alimentairenutrition |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:inr:wpaper:267637&r=env |
| By: | Joel Hourticq; Carole Megevand; Eric Tollens; Johanna Wehkamp; Hari Dulal |
| Keywords: | Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Crops and Crop Management Systems Food and Beverage Industry Health, Nutrition and Population - Population Policies Rural Development - Forestry Industry Agriculture |
| Date: | 2013–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:16645&r=env |
| By: | Ashok Sarkar; Jonathan Sinton; Joeri de Wit |
| Keywords: | Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Climate Change Economics Banks and Banking Reform Energy - Energy Production and Transportation Finance and Financial Sector Development - Access to Finance |
| Date: | 2014–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:18410&r=env |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Environment - Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Climate Change Economics Roads and Highways Transport Economics Policy and Planning Urban Development - Transport in Urban Areas Transport |
| Date: | 2014–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:17572&r=env |
| By: | Fujii, Hidemichi; Cao, Jing; Managi, Shunsuke |
| Abstract: | The objective of this study is to calculate and decompose productivity incorporating multi-environmental pollutants in Chinese industrial sectors from 1992 to 2008. We apply a weighted Russell directional distance model to calculate productivity from both the economic and environmental performance. Main findings are, 1) Chinese industrial sectors increased productivity, with the main contributing factors being labor saving prior to 2000. 2) The main contributing factors for productivity growth in coastal areas include both economic and environmental performance improvement. While central and west regions improved productivity due to economic development, they have a trade-off relationship between economic and environmental performance. |
| Keywords: | Productivity, Chinese industrial sector, Pollution |
| JEL: | O44 O47 Q53 Q56 |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:57997&r=env |
| By: | Osberghaus, Daniel; Kühling, Jan |
| Abstract: | This paper deals with the effect of (i) damage experience from extreme weather events and (ii) expectations concerning future climate change on subjective wellbeing (SWB). We use data of a large representative survey amongst German households. The effect of experienced weather events on SWB of the heads of the households is only significant for heat waves; not for storms, heavy rain, and floods. Concern about future climate change on the household level has a substantial negative impact on current SWB. Moreover, we divide the impact of experience into direct effects of damage and indirect effects, which affect current SWB via the channel of expectations regarding future climate change. Both direct and indirect effects of weather experiences are quantified. It becomes apparent that the indirect effect is significant but small compared to the direct effect. -- |
| Keywords: | climate change,subjective well-being,extreme weather events,household survey |
| JEL: | Q54 Q51 D03 |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:zewdip:14042&r=env |
| By: | Maystadt, Jean-François; Mueller, Valerie; Sebastian, Ashwini |
| Abstract: | While an emerging literature cites weather shocks as major determinants of migration, scant evidence exists on how such migration impacts the labor markets of receiving communities in developing countries. We address this knowledge gap by investigating the impact of weather-driven internal migration on labor markets in a post-conflict country, Nepal, using household survey data in 2003 and 2010. |
| Keywords: | Migration, Labor market, Conflict, Climate, Skilled labour, Economic development, poverty alleviation, |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:1364&r=env |
| By: | Congressional Budget Office |
| Abstract: | Using the rising amounts of renewable transportation fuels required by the Renewable Fuel Standard will be difficult. CBO looks at how those requirements and alternatives would affect fuel and food prices and greenhouse gas emissions. |
| JEL: | Q10 Q16 Q18 Q20 Q28 Q40 Q42 Q48 Q50 Q54 Q58 |
| Date: | 2014–06–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cbo:report:45477&r=env |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Water Supply and Sanitation - Wastewater Treatment Environmental Economics and Policies Health, Nutrition and Population - Population Policies Mining and Extractive Industry (Non-Energy) Water Supply and Sanitation - Sanitation and Sewerage Environment Industry |
| Date: | 2014–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:18958&r=env |
| By: | Francesco Nicolli (Facoltà di Economia (Faculty of Economics)); Francesco Vona (OFCE) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates empirically the effect of market regulation and renewable energy policies on innovation activity in different renewable energy technologies. For the EU countries and the years 1980 to 2007, we built a unique dataset containing information on patent production in eight different technologies, proxies of market regulation and technology-specific renewable energy policies. Our main findings show that lowering entry barriers is a more significant driver of renewable energy innovation than privatisation and unbundling, but its effect varies across technologies, being stronger in technologies characterised by the potential entry of small, independent power producers. Additionally, the inducement effect of renewable energy policies is heterogeneous and more pronounced for wind, which is the only technology that is mature and has high technological potential. Finally, the ratification of the Kyoto protocol – determining a more stable and less uncertain policy framework - amplifies the inducement effect of both energy policy and market liberalisation. |
| Keywords: | renewable energy technology; environmental innovation; heterogenous policy effect; feedin tariff; renewable energy certificates; entry barrier |
| JEL: | Q34 Q42 Q48 Q51 Q58 |
| Date: | 2014–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/4b9o704lm99vm9u7s9e6fdpp6r&r=env |
| By: | Richard Damania (World Bank); Pasquale Lucio Scandizzo (CEIS, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata"); Ann Jeannette Glauber (World Bank) |
| Abstract: | This paper presents a somewhat novel approach to explore the economic contribution of ecosystems. It develops linked models to capture connections between resource stocks and flows and the resulting micro and macroeconomic impacts. A bioeconomic model is developed that is imbedded into a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. Incorporating imperfect regulation, the bioeconomic model characterizes optimal policies, while the CGE model explores the economy-wide consequences of possible changes to the ecosystem. The model is parameterized and calibrated to the case of the Serengeti ecosystem which is perhaps the most intensively researched biome with a relative abundance of data. This ecosystem is also undergoing rapid change from a host of factors related to developments within and around the protected area system. The analysis identifies the contribution of the ecosystem to the economy and finds that changes in tourism and bushmeat hunting have surprisingly diffuse economy-wide impacts, that are especially large in the rural sector. To guard against overstatement, ecosystem impacts are under-stated relative to other effects. The results suggest that linkages to the natural resource sector (backward and forward multipliers) are important and neglecting these may lead to biased estimates. |
| JEL: | Q57 Q59 Q20 Q29 |
| Date: | 2014–08–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rtv:ceisrp:324&r=env |
| By: | Osmundsen, Petter (UiS) |
| Abstract: | A long period of rig scarcity and high rates has led to innovation in the procurement of rig services and in relationships between oil companies and rig contractors. Discussions have been conducted on joint ventures between companies and contractors, for instance. This paper describes and analyses such a solution from a taxation perspective. Could a joint venture pose problems for revenue capture from the petroleum sector? Challenges in taxing drilling services - including recently adopted British restrictions on determining internal charter rates for drilling units - are also analysed. In addition to analysing topical issues related to taxation and rigs, the paper makes a general contribution by highlighting the connection between taxing rig services at oil-company and rig-contractor levels, and by placing rig taxation in a broader resource management perspective. |
| Keywords: | Climate Projects; Decision Analysis; CO2 |
| JEL: | G31 G38 M21 Q48 Q51 |
| Date: | 2014–08–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:stavef:2014_007&r=env |
| By: | Nkonya, Ephraim M.; Srinivasan, Raghavan; Anderson, Weston; Kato, Edward |
| Abstract: | This study was conducted with the objective of determining the returns to sustainable land management (SLM) at the national level in Bhutan. The study first uses satellite data on land change (Landsat) to examine land use change in 1990–2010 and its impact on sediment loading in hydroelectric power plants. The study then uses the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model to analyze the impact of land use change and land management on sediment loading. The results from the land use change and SWAT analyses are used to assess the economic benefits of SLM. |
| Keywords: | Land management, Land degradation, Soil fertility, Sustainability, Hydroelectric power, Land use, sustainable land management, Soil and water assessment tool, |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:1361&r=env |
| By: | Xiao-Chen Yuan; Qian Wang; Ke Wang; Bing Wang; Ju-Liang Jin; Yi-Ming Wei (Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research (CEEP), Beijing Institute of Technology) |
| Abstract: | Climate change makes extreme droughts more frequent with heavy economic losses in China, thus this study aims to evaluate China's regional vulnerability to drought and propose proper mitigation strategies for drought-vulnerable areas. In this paper, an integrated index containing exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity is developed to measure regional vulnerability to drought, and it is calculated by the integrated approach which combines slacks-based measure (SBM) model in data envelopment analysis (DEA) with genetic algorithm-based analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Accordingly, 65 cities in Anhui, Henan, Jiangsu and Shandong provinces of China are chosen as the study area. The results show that Anhui and Henan are more vulnerable to drought, and the proportions of cities with inefficient resilience to drought in the two provinces are 64.7% and 55.6% respectively. Compared with coastal areas, the inland regions have more drought-vulnerable cities. In addition, the cities in the south are less vulnerable to drought than those in the central and north regions. Meanwhile, we conclude that the integrated index can measure the efficiency of resilience to drought and reveal the causes of drought vulnerability. It also indicates that adequate investments in drought preparedness and promotion of water efficiency are the crucial ways for drought vulnerability reduction. Finally, this study proposes some policy recommendations to alleviate the impacts of drought under climate change. |
| Keywords: | Drought vulnerability, mitigation strategy, data envelopment analysis, analytic hierarchy process, genetic algorithm |
| JEL: | Q54 C61 |
| Date: | 2013–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:biw:wpaper:44&r=env |
| By: | Baxewanos, Fabiane; Raza, Werner |
| Abstract: | -- |
| Date: | 2013 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:oefsew:40&r=env |
| By: | Peter Bradley (University of the West of England, Bristol); Matthew Leach (University of Surrey); Shane Fudge (University of Surrey) |
| Abstract: | This study was part of a collaborative trial for an energy feedback intervention, providing detailed individual desk based energy feedback information to help individuals reduce energy in an office environment. Although the intervention was individually based, this paper explores the social context in which the intervention took place, and in particular attempted to measure changes in normative influence (descriptive and injunctive norms) around specific energy services, before and after the intervention. Results from the study identified that social norms around certain energy services changed as a result of the intervention, and the level of descriptive norms was found to have an effect on the energy efficiency of participants. Additionally interviews which were carried out during the study are insightful in helping understand how norms emerge and spread with the influence of social context and related factors. Interviews indicate strong interactions between technologies/technology policy and social context. The findings are highly relevant in the current age of fast paced technology change where businesses and governments often make decisions on what ICT technologies shall be introduced and used (such as smart metering), without fully considering the two way relationship between these technologies and social context. |
| Keywords: | social norms; social context; organization; CSR; environmental; energy; demand response; smart metering; behaviour; descriptive norms; injunctive norms |
| JEL: | Q41 Q57 |
| Date: | 2014–01–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uwe:wpaper:20141404&r=env |
| By: | Asian Development Bank (ADB); (East Asia Department, ADB); ; |
| Keywords: | china, prc, small cities china, medium cities china, low carbon development, urban planning, megacities, waster management |
| Date: | 2013–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:asd:wpaper:abf135770&r=env |
| By: | Xi Liang; Hengwei Liu; David Reiner |
| Abstract: | Building on previous stakeholder consultations from 2006 to 2010, we conduct a financial analysis for a generic CCS power plant in China. In comparison with conventional thermal generation technologies, a coal-fired power plant with CCS requires either a 70% higher on-grid electricity tariff or carbon price support of approximately US$50/tonne CO2 in the absence of any other incentive mechanisms or financing strategies. Given the difficulties of relying on any one single measure to finance a large-scale CCS power plant in China, we explore a combination of possible financing mechanisms. Potential measures available for increasing the return on the CCS investment include: enhanced oil recovery (EOR), a premium electricity tariff, and operational investment flexibility (e.g. solvent storage, upgradability). A simulation found that combining several financing options could not only provide private investors with a 12% to 18% return on equity (ROE), but also significantly reduce the required on-grid tariff to a level that is very close to the tariff level of existing coal-fired power plants and much lower than the tariffs for natural gas combined cycle and nuclear power plants. Therefore, we suggest that a combination of existing financing measures could trigger private investment in a large-scale CCS power plant in China. |
| Keywords: | Carbon capture and storage, Coal-fired power plant, Electricity, Finance, China |
| JEL: | Q4 Q42 O3 O13 P48 |
| Date: | 2014–08–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cam:camdae:1430&r=env |
| By: | International Finance Corporation |
| Keywords: | Energy - Solar Energy Energy - Thermal Energy Earth Sciences and GIS Environment - Environment and Energy Efficiency Energy - Renewable Energy Science and Technology Development |
| Date: | 2013–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:16493&r=env |
| By: | Kojo, Naoko C. |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the theory of Dutch disease and its implications for practical policy questions. Dutch disease is a term that is well-known to economists and development practitioners. But it is also a concept that is often conflated with"resource curse"and misinterpreted as a"disease"that necessarily causes adverse impacts on the economy. The paper points out that many of the seemingly well-established arguments in this field are not necessarily grounded in theory or empirical evidence. Great care is needed in diagnosing Dutch disease and formulating policy prescriptions based on the theoretical framework, given the restrictive assumptions that may not be fully applicable and the limited relevance to today’s inextricably intertwined trade flows. Countries facing large inflows of foreign currency should focus on safeguarding the domestic economy from the volatility of international commodity and capital markets, and building robust institutions to reduce adjustment costs and boost broader competitiveness. A policy package needs to be comprehensive, covering macroeconomic and structural policy measures, and should be calibrated to target country specific concerns. Policies may need to be adjusted continuously in view of the evolving dynamics of the global and domestic economic environment. |
| Keywords: | Currencies and Exchange Rates,Economic Theory&Research,Debt Markets,Emerging Markets,Environmental Economics&Policies |
| Date: | 2014–07–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:6981&r=env |
| By: | Olmstead, Sheila M.; Sigman, Hilary |
| Abstract: | This paper examines whether countries consider the welfare of other nations when they make water development decisions. The paper estimates econometric models of the location of major dams around the world as a function of the degree of international sharing of rivers. The analysis finds that dams are more prevalent in areas of river basins upstream of foreign countries, supporting the view that countries free ride in exploiting water resources. There is weak evidence that international water management institutions reduce the extent of such free-riding. |
| Keywords: | River Basin Management,Dams and Reservoirs,Water Supply and Systems,Water Supply and Sanitation Governance and Institutions,Water and Industry |
| Date: | 2014–07–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:6992&r=env |
| By: | Carlos Gustavo Cano |
| Abstract: | Recientemente, las alteraciones de las condiciones climáticas, cada vez con mayor frecuencia e intensidad, vienen afectando la producción de alimentos en Colombia y en el resto del mundo, provocando por consiguiente una creciente volatilidad de los precios de los alimentos, la cual se suma al cambio de los hábitos de nutrición de la población en las economías emergentes hacia el consumo de mayores contenidos de proteína animal, y al notable aumento de la producción de biocombustibles a partir de granos y oleaginosas. Como resultado, la presión de los precios de los alimentos se ha convertido en un factor de enorme peso en la determinación de la inflación total. Presión que por representar un típico choque ajeno a la demanda interna, se escapa del alcance de los instrumentos convencionales de la política monetaria. Por tanto, son otras políticas públicas las que deben responder. De un lado, la política agraria en materia de ciencia y tecnología, de la superación del conflicto entre la vocación agroecológica y el uso de la tierra principalmente a través del impuesto predial, y de la inclusión financiera en las áreas rurales. Y del otro, la tributación ambiental, en particular el establecimiento de un impuesto a las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero y de un régimen de créditos tributarios originados en la inversiones que sus contribuyentes adelanten en proyectos de ‘adaptación’ enmarcados dentro de objetivos de desarrollo sostenible orientados a mitigar el impacto adverso del cambio climático sobre el recurso hídrico y la producción agrícola. |
| Keywords: | Inflación, alimentos, biotecnología, tierra, impuesto predial, impuesto al carbono. |
| JEL: | E31 O13 L65 |
| Date: | 2014–08–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:col:000094:012022&r=env |
| By: | Carlos Ferreira de Abreu Castro, (PNUD Brasil); Guilherme B. R. Lambais (IPC-IG) |
| Abstract: | Os projetos de conservação ambiental do Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento (PNUD) no Brasil apresentam um forte componente de desenvolvimento local e inclusivo e contemplam iniciativas inovadoras de uso sustentável da biodiversidade. Vários são os exemplos de projetos nos manguezais, na Caatinga e no Cerrado, que conciliam a produção de bens e serviços com a geração de emprego, de renda e com o aumento da qualidade de vida. É sempre um grande desafio garantir oportunidades às populações mais pobres e vulneráveis, respeitando os seus meios de vida e protegendo a natureza, em regiões de grande expansão da agricultura de produtos de exportação como a soja, a cana e a pecuária (...) |
| Keywords: | Desenvolvimento, Desmatamento |
| Date: | 2014–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipc:ifport:29&r=env |