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on Environmental Economics |
| By: | Christopher J. Ellis (University of Oregon); Edward Birdyshaw (California State University, Fresno) |
| Abstract: | We develop a dynamic model of the exploitation of an environmental resource with endogenous property rights. We are able to explain both the evolution of property rights and environmental quality. In some circumstances the time path of environmental quality is U-shaped and resembles an Environmental Kuznets Curve. However this patern derives from changes in the property rights regime, not from changes in income. |
| Keywords: | Commons, Property Rights, Environmental Resource |
| JEL: | Q20 Q50 |
| Date: | 2005–05–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ore:uoecwp:2005-10&r=env |
| By: | P. DE MOOR; I. DE BEELDE |
| Abstract: | This review of the literature on environmental auditing and the potential role of accountants distinguishes between compliance audits and audits of the environmental management system. After an extensive introduction to the concept, this review focuses on the similarities and differences between an environmental audit and a financial statement audit. Except that environmental audits are largely unregulated, the general approach to both types of audits is similar. Both audits place an emphasis on the evaluation of control systems, which is an argument in favor of external auditors playing a role in environmental audits. Another argument for including external accountants, is their code of ethics. However, these professionals seem to be reluctant to enter the field of environmental auditing. It is argued that this reluctance is because of a lack of generally accepted principles for conducting environmental audits. If external accountants are engaged in environmental auditing, they should be part of multidisciplinary teams that also include scientists and engineers to avoid a too strong focus on procedures. Rather than treating these audits as totally different, it is proposed that there be a move towards integrated, or even universal, audits. |
| Keywords: | Environmental auditing, Environmental reporting, Compliance audit, Environmental management system, External auditors |
| Date: | 2005–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rug:rugwps:05/303&r=env |
| By: | John C. Whitehead (Appalachian State University); Subhrendu K. Pattanayak; George L. Van Houtven |
| Abstract: | This paper reviews the marketing, transportation, and environmental economics literature on the joint estimation of revealed and stated preference data. The revealed preference and stated preference approaches are first described with a focus on the strengths and weaknesses of each. Recognizing these strengths and weaknesses, the potential gains from combining data are described. A classification system for combined data that emphasizes the type of data combination and the econometric models used is proposed. A methodological review of the literature is pursued based on this classification system. Examples from the environmental economics literature are highlighted. A discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of each type of jointly estimated model is then presented. Suggestions for future research, in particular opportunities for application of these models to environmental quality valuation, are presented. |
| Date: | 2003 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:apl:wpaper:05-15&r=env |
| By: | Junyi Shen (Osaka School of International Public Policy, Osaka University); Yoshizo Hashimoto (Osaka School of International Public Policy, Osaka University) |
| Abstract: | The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis proposes that there is an inverse-U-shape relationship between environmental degradation and per capita income. This evidence has been manifested to be existed in most air pollutants and several water pollutants by estimating on cross-country data. Different from most earlier empirical studies, this paper uses the cross-province panel data of seven pollutants from China to investigate whether the EKC hypothesis may even exist on a country level. The estimated results find out that the EKC hypothesis exists in five of these pollutants, while the other two show a N-shape relationship between pollutant emission and per capita income. Moreover, this paper suggests some problems of this regression as being remained for future study. |
| Keywords: | Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), pollution emission, economic growth, GDP per capita |
| Date: | 2004–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osk:wpaper:0409&r=env |